Stats

• Census: measures every member of a population.
• Null Hypothesis: Ho, what we assume to be true.
• Alternative Hypothesis: H, what would be if Ho is wrong.
• Sampling Units: individuals of a population.
• Sampling Frame: list of sampling units.
• Regression Line Significance Level: X, the given threshold of likeliness.
• Stratified Sampling is where the population is divided into mutually exclusive strata (eg. males and females) and a random sample is taken from each.
• Quota Sampling is like stratified, but strata are filled by the interviewer/researcher.
• Great Storm of October 15, 1987 resulted in 111 deaths and $187 million in damage.
• If P < ✗, reject Ho.
• If P > ✗, no evidence to reject Ho.
• Approximating Binomial as Normal is a method used in continuous random variables.
• Cumulative Frequency/Box Plots are used in continuous random variables.
• Outlier boundaries can be determined in continuous random variables.
• Advantages of continuous random variables include easy/cheap and unlikely to be representative.
• Histograms are used in continuous random variables.
• population


  The whole set of items that are of interest
• sample: a selection of observations taken from a subset of the population which is used to find out information
• systematic sampling: sample every kth unit, k=Population ÷ sample, pick a random number between 1 and k as the starting point
• Advantage of Quota sampling

  no sampling frame needed
• simple random sampling: a sampling technique that involves selecting participants from a list of numbers drawn from a hat (where every number has an equal chance of being selected).
• Opportunity sampling: A sampling technique that involves selecting participants from people who are available at the time of the study and fit the criteria.
• Disadvantage of Opportunity sampling

  unlikely to be representative