Germany - Structure

• What are questions 3b, 3c, and 3d based on?

  Two interpretations
• What is required in question 3b?

  Describe 1 difference between the interpretations
• What does question 3c ask you to explain?

  Why the interpretations are different
• What is the focus of question 3d?

  How far do you agree with Interpretation 2
• What is the main topic of this booklet?

  Rise of the Nazi party
• What are the key facts about the rise of the Nazi party?

  • Hitler became Chancellor on January 30, 1933.
  • His rise was due to economic problems, weaknesses of Weimar democracy, Nazi propaganda, and political miscalculations.
  • Treaty of Versailles caused anger and humiliation.
  • Weimar weaknesses made extremist parties popular.
• What did the Treaty of Versailles require from Germany?

  Accept blame for WWI and pay reparations
• What was the impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany?

  Caused anger and humiliation among Germans
• How did proportional representation affect the Weimar Republic?

  Led to unstable coalition governments
• What did Article 48 allow the President to do?

  Rule by decree, weakening democracy
• What was the public perception of Weimar leaders?

  Seen as weak and unpatriotic
• What economic problem occurred in 1923 in Germany?

  Hyperinflation
• What caused hyperinflation in Germany in 1923?

  Missed reparations payment and French occupation
• What was the cost of a loaf of bread by November 1923?

  200 billion marks
• What was the impact of hyperinflation on the middle class?

  Wiped out their savings
• What event triggered the Great Depression in Germany?

  Wall Street Crash of 1929
• What was the unemployment rate in Germany by 1932?

  6 million unemployed
• How did the government respond to the Great Depression?

  Increased taxes and cut benefits
• What was the impact of the Great Depression on democracy in Germany?

  People lost faith in democracy
• What qualities made Hitler a powerful leader?

  Charismatic speaker and strong promises
• What were some of Hitler's promises to the German people?

  Destroy the Treaty of Versailles and create jobs
• Who did Hitler blame for Germany's problems?

  Jews, Communists, and Weimar politicians
• What role did Josef Goebbels play in the Nazi Party?

  Head of Propaganda
• What methods did Goebbels use to spread Nazi messages?

  Rallies, posters, newspapers, and radio
• What was the purpose of the SA (Brownshirts)?

  Intimidate Nazi opponents
• How did the SA contribute to the Nazi Party's image?

  Made the Nazis look powerful and disciplined
• What was the growth of Nazi support from 1928 to 1932?

  • 1928: 12 seats
  • 1930: 107 seats
  • 1932: 230 seats
• What was the impact of weak Weimar leaders on the Nazi Party's rise?

  Made extremist parties more popular
• Who was Chancellor before Hitler?

  Von Papen
• What was the final impact of Hitler becoming Chancellor?

  He used democracy to destroy democracy
• What were the causes of Hitler's rise to power?

  • Treaty of Versailles
  • Weakness of Weimar Republic
  • Economic Problems
  • Hitler’s Leadership
  • Nazi Propaganda
  • Political Mistakes
• What is the main argument in Interpretation 1 about the rise of the Nazi Party?

  Hitler’s personal appeal and leadership skills
• What is the main argument in Interpretation 2 about the rise of the Nazi Party?

  Economic instability caused by the Great Depression
• What are the key differences between Interpretations 1 and 2?

  One focuses on Hitler, the other on economics
• What historical evidence supports Interpretation 1?

  Hitler's charisma and powerful speeches
• What historical evidence supports Interpretation 2?

  Mass unemployment due to the Great Depression
• Which interpretation do you find more convincing and why?

  Interpretation 2 due to economic evidence
• What is the main topic regarding women in Nazi Germany?

  Nazi ideology on women's roles
• What were the key facts about Nazi ideology on women?

  • Women should focus on motherhood and homemaking.
  • Slogan: "Kinder, Küche, Kirche".
  • Discouraged from working outside the home.
• What was the Law for the Encouragement of Marriage?

  Loan of 1,000 marks for newlyweds