Diffusion, Osmosis and Active Transport

• Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration until equilibrium is reached.
• Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a partially permeable membrane.
• Active transport requires energy and moves molecules against a concentration gradient.
• The concentration gradient is the difference between the concentrations of solutes on either side of a membrane.
• The rate of diffusion depends on temperature, surface area, distance traveled, and concentration gradient.
• Isotonic is when the concentration of the solution outside the cell is the same as the concentration inside the cell
• Hypertonic is when the solution is more concentrated than the cell. The cell will shrink and the cell membrane will swell.
• Hypotonic is when the solution is less concentrated than the cell. The cell will swell and burst.