Correlations

• What can analyzing two sets of data for correlation show?

  Potential relationships and their strength
• What does the term "correlation coefficient" refer to?

  A number that describes correlation strength
• How are correlations displayed visually?

  On a graph called a scattergram
• What is plotted on a scatter graph?

  Data pairs for each measurement
• What does a positive correlation indicate?

  Both co-variables increase together
• What does a negative correlation indicate?

  One co-variable increases while the other decreases
• What does zero correlation mean?

  No relationship between the co-variables
• What range can correlation coefficients cover?

  -1 to 1
• What does a correlation coefficient of 1 indicate?

  A perfect positive correlation
• What does a correlation coefficient of -1 indicate?

  A perfect negative correlation
• What correlation coefficient is often considered strong?

  0.8 or higher
• What is a critical evaluation of correlation mentioned in the video?

  Correlation does not show causation
• What is a positive evaluation of using correlations in research?

  They can highlight potential causal relationships
• Why are correlational studies often considered ethical?

  They measure pre-existing variables
• What is a useful tool in describing the strength of a correlation?

  The correlation coefficient
• What are the strengths and limitations of correlational studies?

  Strengths:

  • Highlight potential causal relationships
  • Few ethical problems with pre-existing variables
  • Useful correlation coefficient for strength

  
  

  Limitations:

  • Correlation does not imply causation
  • Potential extraneous variables affect results