Sampling

• Why is it important to consider who participated in a study?

  To determine if findings can be generalized
• What are the five sampling techniques discussed?

  • Random sampling
  • Systematic sampling
  • Stratified sampling
  • Opportunity sampling
  • Volunteer sampling
• What is the definition of target population?

  All individuals in the study group
• What is generalization in research?

  Applying results from a sample to the target population
• What is the key feature of random sampling?

  Everyone has an equal chance of selection
• How can a researcher select participants randomly?

  Using a random number generator
• What is a strength of random sampling?

  It avoids researcher bias in selection
• What is a potential weakness of random sampling?

  It may yield an unrepresentative sample
• What does systematic sampling involve?

  Selecting every Nth person from a list
• How does systematic sampling reduce bias?

  By following a fixed selection pattern
• What is a limitation of systematic sampling?

  It may still produce an unrepresentative sample
• What is opportunity sampling?

  Including anyone available to participate
• What is a strength of opportunity sampling?

  It is a quick way to gather a sample
• What is a major drawback of opportunity sampling?

  It can lead to researcher bias
• What is another term for volunteer sampling?

  Self-selecting sample
• How do participants join a volunteer sample?

  They volunteer themselves through advertisements
• What is a potential bias in volunteer sampling?

  Participants may not represent the general population
• What is the purpose of stratified sampling?

  To create a representative sample of the population
• How is a stratified sample created?

  By identifying subgroups and selecting randomly
• What is a major advantage of stratified sampling?

  It ensures representation of all subgroups
• What is a limitation of stratified sampling?

  It can be time-consuming and complex
• What does WEIRD stand for in psychology research?

  Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic
• Why is the WEIRD sample a concern in psychology?

  It may not generalize to the global population
• What historical bias is mentioned in the video?

  Underrepresentation of women in studies
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of each sampling method discussed?

  • Random:
  • Strength: Avoids researcher bias
  • Weakness: May yield unrepresentative samples
  • Systematic:
  • Strength: Reduces bias
  • Weakness: Possible unrepresentative samples
  • Opportunity:
  • Strength: Quick and easy
  • Weakness: Potential for bias
  • Volunteer:
  • Strength: Easy to collect
  • Weakness: Volunteer bias
  • Stratified:
  • Strength: Representative of population
  • Weakness: Time-consuming and complex