Honors Biology Unit 1 Review

• Variable


  Any factor in an experiment that is not constant

  
• Unicellular


  Made of a single cell

  
• Theory


  Repeatedly and reliably-tested explanation that makes sense of a great variety of scientific observations.
• Ribosome


  A cellular structure composed of RNA and proteins that is the site of protein synthesis in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

  
• Prokaryote


  A single-celled organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus and specialized organelles

  
• Plasma Membrane


  a thin phospholipid and protein molecule bilayer that encapsulate a cell and controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell

  
• Organism


  A form of life

  
• Organelle


  A subunit within the cell that has a specialized function

  
• Nucleus


  A membrane bound organelle in eukaryotic cells functioning to maintain the intergrity of the genetic material and controlling and regulating cellular activities

  
• Multicellular


  Made of two or more cells

  
• Mitochondria


  A membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells; site of cellular respiration

  
• Hypothesis


  A suggested, scientifically testable explanation for an observed phenomenom

  
• Golgi Apparatus


  An organelle found in eukarotic cells responsible for the final stages in processing proteins for release by the cell.

  
• Eukaryote


  A type of organism composed of one or more cells containing membrane-bound organelles.

  
• Endosymbiosis


  A theorized process in which early eukaryotic cells were formed from smaller prokaryotes

  
• Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)


  An organelle responsible for the production, processing, and transportation of materials for use in and out of the cell.

  
• Data


  recorded observations or items of information

  
• Controlled experiment


  experiment that tests the effect of a single variable

  
• Chloroplast


  An organelle found in plant cells and the cells of other eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms where photosynthesis occurs.

  
• Cell


  The basic unit of structure and function for all living organisms.
• Adaptation


  inherited characteristics that improve an organism's ability to survive and reproduce