Nerve Cells

• The Nervous System is Composed of two types of cells: Neurons and Glia or Neuroglia
• The human brain has 100b individual neurons
• Neurons - receive information and transmit it to other cells
• Glia (neuroglia) - the term glia, derived from a Greek word meaning “glue,” from the idea that glia were like glue that held the neurons together.
• Membrane - a structure that separates the inside of the cell from the outside environment.
• Nucleus - the structure that contains the chromosomes.
• Mitochondria - structure that performs metabolic activities, providing the energy that the cell uses for all activities
• Ribosomes - are the sites within a cell that synthesize new protein molecules.
• Endoplasmic reticulum - a network of thin tubes that transport newly synthesized proteins to other location
• The Membrane, Nucleus, Mitochondria, Ribosomes and Endoplasmic Reticulum are all Structures of an: Animal Cell
• The Dendrites, Soma, Axon and Presynaptic Terminal are all Structures of a: Neuron
• Neurons contain four major components: Dendrites, Soma, Axon, and Presynaptic Terminal
• The Tiniest Neurons may lack: Axons and well-defined Dendrites