MIRRORS AND LENSES

• Reflection is a property of light that occurs when light bounces back as it hits a surface.
• The angle of incidence is the angle between the incident ray and the normal line.
• When the light strikes a smooth surface, regular reflection happens.
• When the incident light rays strike a rough surface, light is reflected in many directions while still following the law of reflection. As a result, diffused reflection happens
• Mirrors are reflective surfaces made up of glass.
• Plane mirrors are flat surfaces that reflect light and form an image of an object brought in front of it.
• Virtual images are those formed behind the mirror.
• Mirrors can be either plane mirrors or curved mirrors.
• Curved mirrors can be either concave or convex.
• Convex mirrors have their reflective surfaces bent outward
• concave mirrors have their reflective surfaces bent inward.
• The line cutting through the center is called the principal axis.
• The center of the sphere from which the mirror is taken is the center of curvature (c)
• The midpoint of the radius of curvature is the focus (f)
• Characteristics of a plane mirror:

  • forms virtual image
  • laterally inverted
  • same size
  • same distance
  • upright/erect