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Hydrometeorological Hazards
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What are hydrometeorological hazards?
Processes or phenomena of
atmospheric
nature
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What impacts can hydrometeorological hazards cause?
Loss of life
, property damage, and
disruptions
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Downward
movement of a mass of soil, rocks, and debris along the slope.
Most common type of hazard.
Landslide
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What is another name for a landslide?
Land Slip
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Overf
lowing of water
Most common and costly
Flood
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What are the types of floods?
Flash Flood
Urban Flood
River Flood
Coastal Flood
Ice Jam
Glacial Lake Outbursts Flood
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Rapid flooding or geomorphic low-lying areas like washes, rivers, dry lakes, and basins.
Flash Flood
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How quickly can a flash flood occur?
Within 6 hours due to heavy rainfall/dam failure.
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Poor drainage system.
Urban flood
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Caused by precipitation.
Large catchment area.
River flood
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Due to storm surge.
When a water covers the normally dry coastal land.
Coastal flood
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Too much accumulation of ice.
Ice jam
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Sudden release of a significant amount of water retained in a glacial lake, irrespective of the cause.
Caused by the failure containing glacier/glacial lake, melting of glacier and volcanic eruption under a glacier.
Glacial lake outbursts flood
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What are the characteristics of a flood?
Depth of Water
Duration
Velocity
Frequency
of
Occurrence
Seasonality
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What is a tornado?
Funnel-shaped rotating
violent
winds
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What is a hurricane?
Violent
atmospheric
disturbance
with strong winds
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What is the term for a hurricane in the Northeast Pacific Ocean?
Hurricane
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What is the term for a hurricane in the Northwest Pacific Ocean?
Typhoon
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What is the term for a hurricane in the Northern Indian Ocean?
Cyclone
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Which ocean basin is the most active for typhoons/cyclones?
Northwestern Pacific Ocean
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What is a drought?
Long period of low
precipitation
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How long can a drought last?
15 days to 2
years
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What are the most common hydrometeorological hazards according to NOAA?
Cyclone
Typhoon
Flood
Tornado
Thunderstorm
El Niño
and La Niña
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What is the classification of a cyclone with wind speeds of 35 to 63 km per hour?
Tropical Depression
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What is the classification of a cyclone with wind speeds of 64 to 118 km per hour?
Tropical Storm
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What is the classification of a cyclone with wind speeds above 118 km per hour?
Typhoon
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What is a thunderstorm?
Weather condition producing
lightning
and thunder
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What are the key elements of rainfall?
Intensity
and
Duration
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What is rainfall intensity?
Rate
of rainfall
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What is
rainfall
duration
?
How long the rain lasts
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What is a storm surge?
Rise of sea water above
normal level
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What are El Niño and La Niña?
Complex weather patterns from
ocean
temperature variations
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What is the ENSO cycle?
Fluctuations in
temperatures
between
ocean
and
atmosphere
Occurs in the
east-central equatorial Pacific
Includes
El Niño
and
La Niña
phases
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What is La Niña?
Cold phase of the
ENSO
cycle
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How long does La Niña typically last?
Between 9 to 12
months
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What is El
Niño?
Warm phase of the
ENSO
cycle
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How do we track a storm?
Using
satellites
and
Doppler radar
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What is Doppler radar?
Technology that detects storms using
radio waves
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What does Doppler stand for?
Radio Detection and Ranging
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How does Doppler radar work?
Releases
radio waves
that bounce back
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