Part 2

• Soma is also known as the: Cell Body
• Tree - the English translation of the Greek word that the term dendrite originated from
• Dendrite - part of the neuron that has a surface that is lined with synaptic receptors
• Dendrite - Receives information from other neurons because of its synaptic receptors
• Synaptic Receptors - the lining on the dendrites surface that helps it receive information from other neurons
• Dendritic Spines - A short outgrowth that many dendrites contain which increases the surface area available for synapses
• Somata - plural word of Soma
• Soma - Part of the neuron that contains the nucleus, ribosomes and mitochondria
• The Soma or Cell Body contains the: nucleus, ribosomes and mitochondria
• These two parts of the neuron are both covered with synapses on its surface: Dendrites and Soma
• Axon - a part of the neuron that is a thin fiber of constant diameter.
• Axon - conveys an impulse toward other neurons, an organ, or a muscle.
• Axon - can be more than a meter in length, as in the case of axons from your spinal cord to your feet.
• Myelin sheath - it is a insulating material that covers the vertebrate axon.
• Myelin sheath - a part of the axon that invertebrate axons do NOT have
• Presynaptic Terminal - Also known as an end bulb or bouton/button
• Presynaptic Terminal - where the action potential is converted into a chemical signal
• Presynaptic Terminal - where the axon releases chemicals that cross through the junction between that neuron and another cell.
• The two types of Neuron are: Motor Neuron and Sensory Neuron
• Motor Neuron - receives excitation through its dendrites
• Motor Neuron - conducts impulses along its axon to a muscle
• Sensory Neuron - is also known as the receptor neuron
• Receptor Neuron - is another term for Sensory Neuron
• Sensory Neuron - specialized at one end to be highly sensitive to a particular type of stimulation, such as light, sound, or touch