Bio 1 EXAM Ch. 4!

• Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells differ in the presence of a Nucleus.
• Archaea habitat in extreme conditions, high temperature, high salt concentration.
• All cells share features such as the Cell membrane, genetic material, and cytoplasm.
• The Nucleoid is a place where you find the bacterial DNA.
• Cytoplasm includes everything inside the plasma membrane.
• Ribosomes are found in all proteins.
• Types of appendages in prokaryotes: Cilia and Flagella.
• The role of the flagella is movement and they can rotate 360, allowing bacteria to move from one place to another.
• Pileaf is used for attachment and also for exchanging genetic information, and can exchange genes.
• Plant cells contain a Central vacuole, chloroplast, cell wall, starch granules, and plasmodesmata.
• Animal cells contain Lysosomes, which are only present in animal cells.
• Nucleus, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, plasma/cell membrane endoplasmic reticulum, cell cytoskeleton, are found in both Plant and Animal cells.
• The Nucleus is the Command Center in cells.
• Mitochondria are responsible for Energy Production (ATP) in cells.
• The function of Ribosomes is Photosynthesis.
• Plasma/Cell membrane endoplasmic reticulum is found in both Plant and Animal cells.
• The role of Cell Cytoskeleton is to maintain cell shape.
• Mitochondria and Chloroplast contain their own DNA.
• DNA in animal cells is found in the nucleus and mitochondria.
• DNA is found in plant cells in the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplast.
• Catabolism is represented by the letters CD.
• Anabolism is represented by the letters AB.
• Cilia and Flagella both 9 + 2 microtubule array.
• Central vacuoles in plants are used for storage and support.
• Contractile vacuoles in protists are used for expelling excess water.
• Phagocytic vacuoles in protists and white blood cells are used for degradation.
• Prokaryote: A prokaryote is a single-celled organism that does not have a nucleus.
• Eukaryote: A cell that contains a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
• Cytosol: The region of a eukaryotic cell that is outside the membrane-bound organelles but inside the plasma membrane.
• Cilia and Flagella use microtubules and motor proteins to facilitate movement.
• Acidic solutions are pH 6 or below, and alkaline solutions are pH 8 or above.
• pH: Used to measure hydrogen ion concentration.
• Selective Permeability: The ability of a membrane to allow certain molecules to pass through it.
• • Central vacuoles in plants for storage and support
  • Contractile vacuoles in protists for expelling excess water
  • Phagocytic vacuoles in protists and white blood cells for degradation
• The region of a eukaryotic cell that is outside the membrane-bound organelles but inside the plasma membrane is known as the Cytosol.