2.3.1 Allotropes of carbon: diamond, graphite, graphene

• Why does diamond have a very high melting point?

  Strong covalent bonds
• What is a key property of graphite?

  Conducts electricity
• Why is diamond considered an allotrope of carbon?

  Its structure
• What are allotropes?

  Different forms of the same element
• Arrange the following forces in order of increasing strength:

  1️⃣ Weak forces between graphite layers

  2️⃣ Van der Waals forces

  3️⃣ Covalent bonds in diamond
• Match the property of graphene with its description:

  Strength ↔️ Strongest material known

  Weight ↔️ Extremely lightweight

  Conductivity ↔️ Highly conductive
• What type of atoms make up the graphite structure?

  Carbon atoms
• What is the structural arrangement of diamond in terms of bonds?

  Each C has 4 bonds
• Arrange the following steps to describe why graphene is a superior conductor:

  1️⃣ Hexagonal lattice arrangement

  2️⃣ Electrons flow freely

  3️⃣ Superior conductivity
• What is the structure of graphite?

  Stacked layers
• What makes graphene the strongest material known?

  Covalent bonds between carbons
• The layers in graphite are bonded by strong covalent bonds.

  False
• What type of bonds are present in diamond?

  Strong covalent bonds
• Diamond is electrically conductive because it has free electrons.

  False
• Why is diamond non-conductive?

  No free electrons
• What is the structure of graphene?

  Single layer
• Match the allotrope of carbon with its structure:

  Diamond ↔️ Tetrahedral

  Graphite ↔️ Layers

  Graphene ↔️ Single layer
• What is the visual appearance of graphite?

  Gray, opaque
• Match the property of graphite with its description:

  Electrical ↔️ Electrons move between layers

  Mechanical ↔️ Layers slide easily

  Thermal ↔️ Vibrations pass through structure
• Why is graphene highly conductive?

  Free electrons can move easily
• What makes graphene unique compared to graphite?

  One-atom-thick sheet
• What is the structure of graphene?

  Single layer hexagonal
• Which carbon allotrope is the lightest?

  Graphene
• What type of atoms make up the graphite structure?

  Carbon atoms
• What is graphite made of?

  Sheets of graphene
• What is the atomic arrangement of graphene?

  Hexagonal lattice
• What is the structure of diamond?

  Tetrahedral
• Which carbon allotrope is the hardest?

  Diamond
• Match the carbon allotrope with its property:

  Diamond ↔️ Hard and transparent

  Graphite ↔️ Soft and conductive

  Graphene ↔️ Strong and light