Baronial resentment towards John

• What was the root of John's unpopularity?

  Money
• How had John got the money to invade France?

  Levying taxes
• What personality traits of John were considered factors in his troubles?

  suspicious, vindictive and restlessness (constantly travelling the country)
• Who did John rely on to keep order in England?

  Foreign mercenaries
• What was the impact of John's foreign mercenaries?

  It removed another role of the barons
• If the nobles did not pay the King tax, what could he do?

  Confiscate their land
• Which taxes did John raise?

  . Scutage

  . Fines

  . A 'gracious aid'

  . Property tax

  . Fines for minor offences

  . Forest Law fines

  . The wine trade
• How much did John want to charge for scutage initially?

  3 marks
• How much did John lower the scutage to?

  2 marks
• How much money did John gain from scutage?

  £2500
• Did John collect scutage more or less frequently than his predecessors?

  More
• How much did John charge for tentants-in-chief to buy their personal exemption from military service?

  10 marks
• How much did John bring in from military exemption fines every time scutage was charged?

  £3000
• When was a 'gracious aid' raised?

  When John had a special need
• What did John need in order to raise a 'gracious aid'?

  Consent from his tenants-in-chief
• When did John utilise 'gracious aid'?

  1200, when he agreed to pay relief at le Goulet
• What did John need to raise property tax?

  Consent of the tenants-in-chief
• When had John raised property tax?

  1203 and 1207
• What was the rate on property tax?

  1 shilling in the mark
• How did some try to avoid property tax?

  Hiding their belongings and money in monasteries
• Were attempts to avoid property tax successful?

  The monasteries that they hid belongings and money in were raided by royal officials and offenders were fined
• How much did property tax bring in for John?

  Over £60,000
• When did fines for minor offences become more frequent?

  When the King needed money and could not be sure of getting consent for more taxes
• It was easy for judges to find an excuse to fine someone, and although low, these fines mounted up
• When did John issue forest law fines?

  When he was short on cash
• How were forest law fines issues?

  John would send out the forest justices to find petty infringements such as cutting off branches on living trees
• In what circumstance were wine trade fines issued?

  Failure to comply with the intricate regulations on wine imports led to fines
• FINISH CARDS

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