Lipids

• Triglycerides are formed by the condensation of one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acids.
• A condensation reaction between glycerol and a fatty acid forms a ester bond.
• The R-group of a fatty acid may be saturated or unsaturated.
• Saturated fatty acid has no carbon double bond.
• Unsaturated fatty acid has at least one carbon double bond.
• In phospholipids one of the fatty acids of a triglyceride is substituted by a phosphate-containing group.
• The test for emulsion is to add a few drops of ethanol and shake. If the lipid is present the solution will turn cloudy.