Review of the GI System

• What is the primary function of the mouth in digestion?

  Begins digestion by mechanically breaking down food
• How does the esophagus contribute to digestion?

  It transports food from the mouth to the stomach
• What does the stomach secrete to aid digestion?

  Acid and enzymes
• What is chyme?

  A semi-liquid form of broken down food
• What are the three parts of the small intestine?

  Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
• What is the primary function of the small intestine?

  It is the primary site for nutrient absorption
• What does the large intestine absorb?

  Water and electrolytes
• What is formed and stored in the large intestine?

  Feces
• What is the role of the rectum and anus?

  Control the excretion of feces
• What are the main functions of the digestive system?

  • Mechanical breakdown of food
  • Chemical digestion of food
  • Nutrient absorption
  • Water and electrolyte absorption
  • Excretion of waste
• What is the primary function of the kidneys?

  Filter blood to remove waste products
• How do the kidneys contribute to urine formation?

  By filtering blood and removing excess fluids
• What is the role of the ureters?

  Transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder
• What does the bladder do?

  Stores urine until it is excreted
• What is the function of the urethra?

  Transports urine from the bladder out of the body
• What are the male reproductive organs?

  • Testes
  • Penis
• What are the female reproductive organs?

  • Ovaries
  • Fallopian tubes
  • Uterus
  • Vagina