Unit 1

• The human organism is explored as a specimen, with a focus on how it fits into the grand scheme of life.
• The human organism is explored from the outside in, starting with the biosphere which includes both the biotic and abiotic resources, and ending with the individual organ systems.
• Each chapter in the class goes a little bit further into the human organism until we get down to the organ systems themselves.
• The learning outcomes in the class mimic the homework assignments, LearnSmart modules, quizzes, and exams.
• In scientific method, hypotheses are tested and conclusions are reached.
• Scientific theories are accepted explanations for how the world works.
• In scientific method, data is carefully collected and analyzed to ensure accuracy and reliability.
• In scientific method, hypotheses can be modified or discarded if experiments do not confirm predictions.
• Experiments are conducted to confirm predictions and reach conclusions.
• Experiments can be repeated if necessary to confirm results.
• Peer-reviewed journals are used to publish scientific studies and information.
• Adaptations over time can lead to evolutionary change.
• The domain of Fungi includes molds, mushrooms, and other cellular organisms.
• Archaea are prokaryotic cells that are more closely related to Eukarya and can live in extreme environments.
• The domain of Eukarya also includes plants, protists, and animals.
• Natural selection is the process where advantageous traits are selected for in a population over time.
• Bacteria are prokaryotic cells that can adapt to extreme environments and can use chemicals to make their own food.
• The three domains of living organisms are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
• The domain of Eukarya also includes the animal kingdom which includes sponges, worms, insects, fishes, and other vertebrates.
• Adaptation is the ability to respond in an efficient manner to environmental changes.
• Evolution is the change in the genetic composition of a population over time.
• Eukarya, which includes humans, are organisms with membrane-bound organelles including a nucleus.
• The domain of Protists includes organisms like protozoa and slime molds.
• Multicellular organisms in the kingdom of Animalia, or the animal kingdom, have different specialized tissues and need to ingest their food.
• Humans have a more developed brain than apes, which is hypothesized to be due to the consumption of fat in the early stages of our evolution.
• our hypothesis and move on or we can accept our hypothesis and move on to the next step so the scientific method is a process that allows us to determine objective factual information in order to make scientific theories and hypotheses.
• Humans are members of the biosphere and can live in almost every ecosystem, except for some extreme environments.
• There are more species of sponges, worms, insects, and other invertebrates than vertebrates, making up 90% of the animal kingdom.
• Humans have a more upright stance, use complex language, and can use a variety of tools.
• The scientific method is a process used by scientists to determine objective factual information and make scientific theories and hypotheses.
• Humans are most closely related to apes within the domain of Eukarya and the animal kingdom.
• In a double-blind study, neither the doctors nor the patients know which group they're in, allowing for unbiased results.
• Evolution is a theory that has been elevated to the level of a law or principle due to its consistent support by scientific evidence.
• Some diseases change or mutate, while others are new or increase in exposure due to factors like climate changes.
• Biodiversity is the number of species and their variation within ecosystems, with species having the most varied genes more likely to survive and thrive.
• Organisms, whether they are plants, bacteria, animals, or protists, constantly make adaptations or changes in accordance with the environment based on allele frequencies.
• Emerging diseases are relatively new diseases that are spreading more easily or increasing in exposure due to factors like globalisation and climate changes.
• Biologists are personally alarmed by the current rate of extinction, which is driven by factors like climate change and merging diseases.
• Organismal extinction refers to the loss of species, including bacteria, sponges, coral reefs, plants, and insects.
• Taxol, a potent drug used in chemotherapy, comes from a tree in the Amazon, highlighting the importance of maintaining ecosystems.