Reproductive System

• Luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers ovulation and supports the development of the corpus luteum.
• The morphological & physiological structure of the male reproductive system is different from the female reproductive system.
• Extra calories, proteins, iron and calcium are needed.
• Eating fresh vegetables and fruits are necessary.
• The external and internal parts of the male reproductive system differ in size and shape as well as their functions.
• The male reproductive system's role is to produce and transport sperm cells, while the female reproductive system's role is to produce egg cells and for child-bearing.
• Without the fusion of the gamete from the testis of the male organ with gamete from the female organ, REPRODUCTION WILL NOT OCCUR.
• The penis is a soft, tubular organ that hangs in front of the body and is the external sexual organ of the male through which the sperm are delivered into the female’s body.
• The testes are made up of coiled tubules in which the sperm are produced and the male sex hormones called testosterone for the production of sperm.
• The epididymis is a coiled J-shaped tube located on the back of each testicle where the sperm are stored for two to four days after they have been produced.
• The vas deferens is the tube that receives sperm from the epididymis of each testicles.
• The scrotum is a pouch of skin that hangs behind the penis, houses the testes, and protects the sperm by keeping the temperature of the testes slightly lower than the normal body temperature in order for the sperm to survive.
• The urethra is the tube that passes through the penis to the outside of the body, which carries urine and sperm.
• The sperm cell is a unique structure located in the testes that fertilizes the egg to become a matured ovum.
• Males have a pair of testes found inside the scrotum that produce millions of minute sperm cells, which can be observed only under the microscope.
• The sperm cells, which come from the testes, travel in the epididymis, where they are temporarily stored until they are released.
• The sperm cells are released and moved along the vas deferens.
• Along the way, the sperms are combined with the nutrient secretions from the prostate gland and seminal vesicles.
• The mixture is called semen.
• The two ovaries are small and almond-shaped organs located inside the female, one on each side of the body a few inches below the waist.
• Just like the testes, the ovaries secrete hormones called estrogen and progesterone to produce mature egg cells.
• The ovaries usually produce and release one ripened egg every 28 days during puberty, a process called ovulation.
• The hormones of the reproductive system carry a specific role during puberty, ovulation, pregnancy and development.
• These hormones affect the testes in men and the ovaries in women.
• The matured egg is released from the ovary and the lining of the uterus continuously thickens until ready to received the fertilized egg.
• Luteinizing Hormone Lh in females stimulates ovulation, maturation of egg cell, progesterone production whereas in males, it stimulates sperm and testosterone production.
• Ovaries control sex drive and regulate the development of female secondary sex characteristics as puberty.
• These hormones are responsible to produce ova or mature egg cells.
• Vulva is the external genitalia that includes the following parts: Mons Veneris, Labia Minora, Labia Majora, Clitoris, and Vaginal Orifice.
• The hypothalamus releases chemical substances that signal the pituitary gland to start producing two hormones responsible for reproduction-the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
• In females, the pituitary hormones LH and FSH stimulates the Ovaries to produce the Estrogen and Progesterone.
• Follicle-Stimulating Hormone in females stimulates the maturation of egg cell in the ovary and estrogen production, whereas in males, it stimulates sperm production.
• The wall of the vagina is elastic, which allows it to expand during childbirth and sexual intercourse.
• Menstruation or monthly period is the monthly shedding of the lining of the uterus.
• Testes regulate the development of the male sex organs in the embryo and control sex drive and secondary sex characteristics as puberty.
• The thicken uterus will serve as the home for the developing embryo.
• Both males and females produce these kinds of hormones.
• Prolactin stimulates the production of milk in the mammary glands.
• The menstrual cycle begins when an egg matures or ripens in one of the ovaries and the endometrium- the lining of the uterus- starts to thickens for possible pregnancy.
• Vagina or Birth Canal is the hollow tube leading from the cervix to the outside of the body.