STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE BRAIN

• HINDBRAIN - also known as Rhombencephalon.
• • MEDULLA - Heart rate, breathing, salivation, and vomiting.
• • PONS - Sensation and motor function.
• • CEREBELLUM - also called “Little Brain”- Balance and coordination. 
• • MIDBRAIN - also known as mesencephalon.
• • TECTUM (Roof) dorsal surface of the midbrain. 
• • SUPERIOR COLLICULUS - Hearing
• • INFERIOR COLLICULUS - Vision
• • TEGMENTUM - Intermediate level of the midbrain.
• SUBSTANTIA NIGRA - Dopamine-containing pathway that facilitates readiness for movement.
• FOREBRAIN - Diencephalon
• • THALAMUS Relay station for sensory stimulation.
• • HYPOTHALAMUS Body Temperature, motivation, emotion, hunger, thirst, sexual behavior, caring for offspring, and aggression. 
• • FOREBRAIN = LIMBIC SYSTEM
• • CINGULATE GYRUS - Helps to regulate emotions and pain.
• MAMILLARY BODY - Responsible for recollective memory.
• • HIPPOCAMPUS - Memory. 
• AMYGDALA - Fearful and anxious emotions.
• • OLFACTORY BULB - Responsible for the sense of smell. 
• • CEREBRUM - Responsible for thinking and language.
• • CEREBRAL CORTEX - Surface of Cerebrum
• • CORPUS CALLOSUM - Connects the two hemispheres of the brain.
• • OCCIPITAL LOBE - Vision (lobe)
• • TEMPORAL LOBE - Hearing and Auditory functions (lobe)
• • PARIETAL LOBE - Somatosensory Cortex (lobe)
• • FRONTAL LOBE - Motor Cortex (lobe)
• Two key language areas = Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area