WHO and SDGs

• Healthcare Delivery System: The organization of people, institutions, and resources to deliver health care services to meet the health needs of a target population
• Classification of health care organizations:

  • Governmental
  • Quasi-governmental*
  • Non-governmental
• World Health Organization

  • Most widely recognized international governmental health organization today
  • Headquarters is located in Geneva, Switzerland with 6 regional offices around the world
• 6 regional offices around the world of WHO:

  o   Africa: Congo

  o   America: Washington, D.C

  o   Eastern Mediterranean: Cairo, Egypt

  o   Europe: Copenhagen, Denmark

  o   Southeast Asia: New Delhi, India

  o   Wester Pacific: Manila, Philippines
• WHO Director in Philippines: Dr. Takeshi Kasai
• World Health Organization: A United Nations specialized agency concentrating exclusively on health by providing technical cooperation, carrying out programs to control and eradicate disease and striving to improve the quality of human life
• Primary objective of WHO: attainment by all people of the highest possible level of health
• How is WHO financed: Financed by its member nations
• Current director general of WHO: Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
• 6 Core Functions of WHO

  1. Providing leadership on matters critical to health and engaging in partnerships where joint action is needed
  2. Shaping the research agenda and stimulating the generation, translation, and dissemination of valuable knowledge
  3. Setting norms and standards, and promoting and monitoring their implementation;
  4. Articulating ethical and evidence-based policy options
  5. Providing technical support, catalyzing change, and building sustainable
  6. Monitoring the health situation and assessing health trends
• United NationsHigh Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR): Global organization dedicated to saving lives, protecting rights and building a better future for refugees
• United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)

  • Formerly United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund
  • Works to save children’s lives, to defend their rights, and to help them fulfill their potential, from early childhood through adolescence
• United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)

  • UN’s sexual and reproductive health agency with a mission to deliver a world where every pregnancy is wanted, every childbirth is safe and every young person’s potential is fulfilled
• US Agency for International Development (USAID)

  Leads international development and humanitarian efforts to save lives, reduce poverty, strengthen democratic governance and help people progress beyond assistance
• International Medical Corps (MIC): Delivery emergency medical and related services to those affected by conflict, disaster and disease
• International Rescue Committee (IRC): Humanitarian Aid for Disasters
• Other International Health Agencies:

  • German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ)
  • Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)
  • Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
  • Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperate (AECID)
• June 1992: Earth Summit @ Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

  • 178 countries adopted Agenda 21
• Agenda 21: comprehensive plan of action to build a global partnership for sustainable development to improve human lives and protect the environment
• September 2000: Millenium Summit @ UN New York HQ

  • 189 countries adopted the Millenium Development Goals
• 8 MDG’s aiming to galvanize efforts to meet the needs of the world’s poorest all by the date of 2015 by at least half
• 8 Millennium Development Goals

  1.       Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

  2.      Achieve universal primary education

  3.      Promote gender equality and empower women

  4.      Reduce child mortality

  5.      Improve maternal health

  6.      Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases

  7.      Ensure environmental sustainability

  8.      Develop a global partnership for development
• June 2012: Rio+20 Conference @ Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

  • Member states produced a document, “The Future We Want”
  • Developed a process for a new set of SDGs which will carry on the momentum generated by the MDGs and fit into global development framework beyond 2015
• January 2015: International policy shaping was done including civil society organizations, citizens, scientists, academe, & private sectors which produced 17 SGDs with a 15-year timeframe
• September 2015: UN Sustainable Development Summit @ UN New York HQ

  -         193 countries adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development

  -         Plan of action for environment, economic, and social progress

  -         The goals and targets will simulate action over the next fifteen years in areas of critical importance for humanity and the planet

  -         Included 17 SDGs with 169 associated targets

  -         “Leave no one behind” or zero statistics on all targets
• 17 Sustainable Development Goals

  1.       No poverty

  2.      Zero hunger

  3.      Good health and well-being

  4.      Quality education

  5.      Gender equality

  6.      Clean water and sanitation

  7.      Affordable and clean energy

  8.      Decent work and economic growth

  9.      Industry innovation and infrastructure

  10.    Reduced inequalities

  11.     Sustainable cities and communities

  12.    Responsible consumption and production

  13.    Climate action

  14.    Life below water

  15.    Life on land

  16.    Peace, justice, and strong institutions

  17.    Partnerships for the goals
• General focus of MDGs: developing countries
• General focus of SDGs: global, domestic and international
• Indicator coverage of MDGs:

  • 8 goals
  • 21 targets
  • 60 indicators
• Indicator coverage of SDGs:

  • 17 goals
  • 169 targets
  • 230 indicators
• Level of Disaggregation in MDGs: National
• Level of Disaggregation in SDGs: leave no one behind
• Financing in MDGs: largely bilateral financing
• financing in SDGs: domestic and local resources, new financial sources and models