Tropical Medicine is a branch of medicine which deals with tropical diseases and other special medical problems of tropical regions
SYMBIOSIS - living together of unlike organisms
Commensalism - is a symbiotic relationship in which two species live together and one species benefits from the relationship without harming or benefiting the other.
Mutualism - is a symbiosis in which two organisms mutually benefit from each other
Parasitism - is a symbiotic relationship where one organism, the parasite lives in or on another for its survival and usually at the expense of the host
Amoebiasis is also called as amebic dysentery. It is an intestinal illness caused by a parasite, Entamoebahistolytica. This parasite lives in the intestines and produces eggs (cysts) which are passed from the bodyin the stool.
Parasites live According to its habitat, egg-layingcapacity, sexes, relationship with the host
Ectoparasite (infestation)lives on the outside of the host
Endoparasite (infection)lives within the body of the host
Viviparous young developed inside the body of the parent
Monoecious both male and female reproductiveorgans are found in one parasite (Ex.Cestodes)
Dioecious separate sexes; males are usuallysmaller compared to females (Ex.Nematodes)
Parthenogenic female worms are capable of self-fertilization (Ex.Strongyloides stercoralis)
Obligate when they take up a permanent residence in and arecompletely dependent upon the host (Ascaris lumbricoides)
Facultative they are capable of leading both a free and a parasitic existence even if they are outside the body of the host (Strongyloides stercoralis)
Intermittent visit the host only during feeding time
Accidental establishes itself in a host in which it does not ordinarily live
Permanent remains on or in the body of the host from early life until maturity, sometimes for its entire life cycle
Pseudoparasite artifacts mistaken as parasites (pollen, hairs)
Temporary parasite lives on the host only for a short period of time
Spurious parasite is a free-living organism that passes through thedigestive tract without infecting the host
Definitive host harbors the sexual or adult stages/terminal/final stages of the parasite (humans)
Intermediate host harbors the asexual stages or larval stages of the parasite (snails)
Paratenic Host a host which act as a transporting agent for the parasite and in which the parasite does not undergo any development (prawns)
The transmission of parasites involved 3 factors: a) source of infection
The transmission of parasites involved 3 factors: b) mode of transmission
The transmission of parasites involved 3 factors: c) presence of susceptible host
Reservoir - a host in which the parasite is maintained and act as a source of infection for new cases (rodents)
Incidental Host - refers to a situation in which the infected individual is not necessary for the parasite survival or development (trichinosis)