active transport

• What is active transport?

  Movement of molecules against their concentration gradient
• How does active transport differ from diffusion?

  Active transport requires energy, diffusion does not
• What analogy is used to describe diffusion?

  Water flowing downhill
• What is the energy source for active transport?

  Energy from cellular respiration
• Where does cellular respiration mainly occur?

  In the mitochondria
• What do ATP molecules do in the cell?

  Act like batteries transporting energy
• What is the definition of active transport?


  Movement of molecules from lower to higher concentration
• Why do plants need to absorb water and mineral ions?

  To survive and grow
• What are root hair cells adapted for?

  Absorbing water and mineral ions
• How do root hair cells increase their absorption efficiency?

  By having long hair-like protrusions
• Why can't plants absorb certain minerals by diffusion?

  Minerals are at higher concentration inside cells
• What is the role of mitochondria in root hair cells?

  To provide energy for active transport
• What are the adaptations of root hair cells for absorption?

  • Long hair-like protrusions for large surface area
  • High number of mitochondria for energy production
• What minerals do plants need for chlorophyll production?

  Magnesium ions
• What minerals do plants need for protein production?

  Nitrates
• What is the process of cellular respiration responsible for?

  • Breaking down glucose
  • Releasing energy for cellular activities
  • Producing ATP molecules