acids & bases

• What is the definition of an acid?

  A substance that donates protons
• What does a pH of 6 indicate?

  It is slightly acidic
• What is the opposite of an acid?

  A base
• What is a neutral solution?

  A solution with a pH of 7
• What happens if a substance is soluble in water?

  It can be classified as an alkali
• What is the pH of a solution that is an indicator of acidity?

  A pH below 7
• What does a pH above 7 indicate?

  It is basic or alkaline
• What is the pH of a neutral solution?

  7
• What does a pH of 8 indicate?

  It is slightly alkali
• How does the pH scale categorize substances?

  From acidic to basic
• What is the most commonly used acid-base indicator?

  Universal indicator
• What is the pH scale range for acids?

  Below 7
• What does a pH below 2 indicate?

  It is strongly acidic
• What is the relationship between acidity and pH?

  Lower pH means higher acidity
• What is the effect of hydrogen ions in a solution?

  They increase acidity
• What is the pH of a solution that is considered alkali?

  Above 7
• What does a pH of 9 indicate?

  It is alkali
• How do hydrogen ions interact with ammonia?

  They react to form ammonium
• What is the significance of a pH of 2?

  It indicates a strong acid
• What is the pH of a solution that is considered neutral?

  7
• What does a pH of 10 indicate?

  It is strongly alkali
• How does the pH scale help in identifying substances?

  It categorizes them as acidic, neutral, or basic
• What is the role of indicators in acid-base chemistry?

  They show the pH level of a solution
• What is the pH of a solution with a high concentration of hydroxide ions?

  Above 7
• What does a pH of 5 indicate?

  It is mildly acidic
• How do acids and bases interact in a neutralization reaction?

  They produce water and salt
• What is the effect of adding an acid to a neutral solution?

  It lowers the pH
• What is the pH of a solution that is considered strongly basic?

  Above 12
• What does a pH of 3 indicate?

  It is acidic
• How does the concentration of hydrogen ions affect pH?

  Higher concentration lowers pH
• What is the significance of a pH of 11?

  It indicates a basic solution
• What is the pH of a solution with a high concentration of hydrogen ions?

  Below 7
• What does a pH of 4 indicate?

  It is acidic
• How do acids and bases affect the pH of a solution?

  Acids lower pH, bases raise pH
• What is the role of pH in biological systems?

  It regulates enzyme activity and metabolic processes
• What is the pH of a solution that is considered very acidic?

  Below 3
• What does a pH of 12 indicate?

  It is strongly basic
• How does the pH scale help in environmental science?

  It indicates soil and water quality
• What is the effect of a strong acid on a weak base?

  It can neutralize the weak base
• What is the pH of a solution that is mildly basic?

  Between 8 and 10