MACRO

• Tourism - social, cultural and economic phenomenon which entails the movement of people to countries or places outside their usual environment for personal purposes.
• Early tourism - travel and tourism are basic to human nature.
• TWO FORMS OF EARLY TOURISM

  Travel for Business and Religious Travel
• Travel for Business - Sumerians invented money and cart wheel.
• Religious Travel - pilgrimage
• In early tourism, first cruise were organized and conducted in egypt.
• Roman Empire - developed pleausre tourism major attraction such as pyramids in egypt
• Romans - give rise to religious travel in Jerusalem and Bethlehem
• Mansio - official stopping place on a Roman road
• Roman Bath House - caldarium (hot), frigidarium (cold)
• Medieval Period - travel became commonly motivated by; trade, military and political activities, agriculture and trade
• Crusade is venture
• Travel - derived from the word "travail"
• Led to Travel for Education - few renowned universities developer and travel for education was introduced largely by British.
• Milord - son of Kings and Queens
• Spa Tourism - eastern europe
• Spa - derived from the wallon word "espa" meaning "fountain"
• Cox & Kings - first travel agency (1758)
• Railways - first used in England (1830)
• Thomas Cook - first travel agent (1855)
• Commercial Air Travel - commenced in the late 1920s
• 1825 - first passenger railway
• 1895 The Landau - world's first bus
• 1900 - world's first cruise ship
• 1919 - world's first passenger plan
• 1920 - passports was convened
• Air Bus A380 - world's biggest plan
• The Ghan - world's longest train
• Symphony of the Seas - world's biggest cruise ship
• Virgin Galactic - first space plane
• THREE FORMS OF TOURISM

  Domestic

  Inbound

  Outbound
• TYPES OF INTERMEDIARIES

  Wholesalers

  Retailers
• Intermediaries - bring buyers and sellers together (middleman)
• FACTORS INFLUENCING TOURIST MOTIVATION

  1. Sports
  2. Travel for education
  3. Shopping
  4. Travel for health
  5. Personal values
  6. Social Contact
  7. The need for escape or change
• Tourism Distributional Channel - operating structure, system, or linkage of various combinations of organizations
• (PLOG's) Psychocentric - associated with areas that are well-developed
• (PLOG's) Allocentric - associated with areas that are underdeveloped
• (PLOG's) Midcentric - book an organized package, then choose to break away from crowd
• (ERIC's) Organized Mass Tourist - least adventurous tourist. Fixed itinerary by the tour operator.
• (ERIC's) Individual Mass Tourist - they have some control over their own itinerary