revolt of northern earls

• What was the time period of the Revolt of the Northern Earls?


  1569-70
• Why did the Northern Earls rebel against Elizabeth?

  They wanted to restore Catholicism in England
• Who was appointed as Bishop of Durham in 1561 that the earls resented?

  James Pilkington
• What created uncertainty for the Northern Earls regarding Elizabeth's reign?

  Her refusal to name an heir or marry
• Who was Charles Neville?

  Earl of Westmoreland
• Who was Thomas Howard?

  Duke of Norfolk
• Who was Thomas Percy?

  Earl of Northumberland
• What was the marriage plan involving Mary, Queen of Scots?

  Mary would marry the Duke of Norfolk
• What did Mary tell the Spanish Ambassador in 1569?

  She would be Queen of England in three months
• Why did the revolt fail?

  Support from Spain never arrived
• What led to the arrest of the Duke of Norfolk?

  Robert Dudley informed Elizabeth of the plot
• Which regions remained loyal to Elizabeth during the revolt?

  Lancashire and Cheshire
• What did many landowners fear by backing the revolt?

  Risk of losing wealth from the monasteries
• What did Northumberland and Westmoreland do during the revolt?

  They took control of Durham Cathedral
• What action did Elizabeth take regarding Mary during the revolt?

  Moved her to Coventry
• What was the significance of the revolt?

  It showed Mary could not be trusted
• What did the Pope do in response to the revolt?

  Excommunicated Elizabeth
• What was the impact on the loyalty of England's Catholics after the revolt?

  It was now in doubt
• What harsh steps did the government take against Catholics after the revolt?

  Increased surveillance and imprisonment
• What were some plots against Elizabeth?

  Revolt of the Northern Earls, Ridolfi plot
• Who excommunicated Elizabeth in 1570?

  The Pope
• What were the causes of the Revolt of the Northern Earls?

  • Desire to return England to Catholicism
  • Loss of influence in court
  • Financial difficulties of noble families
  • Discontent with the new bishop of Durham
  • Uncertainty about Elizabeth's succession
• What was the plan of the Northern Earls' revolt?

  To marry Mary to the Duke of Norfolk
• Who revealed the plot to Elizabeth?

  Robert Dudley
• What happened to the Duke of Norfolk after the plot was revealed?

  He was arrested and imprisoned
• Why did the Northern Earls' revolt fail?

  Spanish support never arrived
• What were the consequences of the Northern Earls' revolt?

  • Mary remained imprisoned
  • Doubts about Catholic loyalty increased
  • Elizabeth executed 700 rebels
  • Pope excommunicated Elizabeth