🫧Biological elements 🫧

• Ions in solution are called electrolytes
• Calcium ions are cations, with 2+ charge, necessary for nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction
• sodium ions are cations, with 1+ charge, necessary for nerve impulse transmission and kidney function
• potassium ions are cations, with 1+ charge, necessary for nerve impulse transmission and stomatal opening
• Hydrogen ions are cations, with 1+ charge, necessary for catalysis of reactions and determines pH
• ammonium ions are cations, with 1+ charge, necessary for the production of nitrate ions by bacteria
• nitrate ions are anions, with 1- charge, necessary in plants for amino acid and protein formation because it is a nitrogen supply in plants
• hydrogen carbonate ions are anions, with -1 charge, and are necessary for maintenance of blood pH
• chloride ions are anions, with -1 charge, necessary to balance positive charge of sodium and potassium ions in cells
• phosphate ions are anions, with -3 charge, necessary for cell membrane formation, nucleic acid and ATP formation, and bone formation
• hydroxide ions are anions, with -1 charge, necessary for catalysis of reactions and determines pH
• the four main elements that living things are made of are: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen