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Biology
Cell differentiation and Specialisation
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Created by
Sophie Marples
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Cards (12)
Differentiation
is the
process
by which a cell
changes
to become
specialised
for its
function.
Sperm
cells are
specialised
for
reproduction.
Nerve cells
are specialised for
rapid signalling.
Muscle cells
are specialised for
contraction.
Root
hair
cells
are specialised for
absorbing
water
and
minerals.
Phloem
and
xylem
cells are specialised for
transporting
substances.
how are sperm cells adapted for reproduction?
long
tail
and
streamlined
head
to help
swim
to the
egg
mitochondria
for
energy
needed
carries
enzymes
in
head
to help
digest
through
egg
cell
membrane
how are nerve cells adapted for rapid signalling?
long
to
cover
more
distance
have
branched connections
at
ends
to
connect
to other
nerve cells
from a
network
how are muscle cells adapted for contraction?
long
so have
space
to
contract
mitochondria
to generate
energy
needed
how are root hair cells adapted to absorb water and minerals?
long hairs
that
stick
into
soil
for more
surface area
how is the xylem cells adapted for transporting substances?
hollow
in the
centre
to allow
water
to
flow
through
how is the phloem cell adapted for transporting
substances?
very
few subcellular structures
so that
food
can
flow
through them