COVALENT BONDING

• WHAT IS COVALENT BONDING BETWEEN?

  two non-metals
• WHAT HAPPENS TO ELECTRONS IN COVALENT BONDING?

  shared
• WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF COVALENT STRUCTURES?

  simple, large or giant
• WHAT TYPE OF BP/MP DO SIMPLE COVALENT MOLECULES HAVE?

  low
• EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE COVALENT MOLECULE?

  CO2, H2O, NH3, CH4
• WHAT TYPE OF BP/MP DO LARGE COVALENT MOLECULES HAVE?

  higher than simple covalent
• EXAMPLES OF LARGE COVALENT MOLECULES?

  polymers, alkanes, alkenes, buckminsterfullerene
• WHAT TYPE OF BP/ MP DO GIANT COVALENT MOLECULES HAVE?

  high
• EXAMPLES OF GIANT COVALENT MOLECULES?

  SiO2, diamond, graphite
• WHAT IS SILICON DIOXIDE?

  sand
• HOW TO DETERMINE STRONG BONDS IN COVALENT MOLECULES?

  smaller atomic radius/ shorter bond = stronger bond
• WHAT IS ATOMIC RADIUS?

  distance between nucleus and outermost electron
• WHAT ARE THE STRONGEST TYPE OF COVALENT BONDS?

  triple bonds > double bonds > single bonds
• HOW MANY ELECTRONS ARE SHARED IN A SINGLE COVALENT BOND?

  2
• HOW MANY ELECTRONS ARE SHARED IN A DOUBLE COVALENT BOND?

  4
• HOW MANY ELECTRONS ARE SHARED IN A TRIPLE COVALENT BOND?

  6
• TYPE OF COVALENT BOND WHERE BOTH ELECTRONS COME FROM THE SAME SPECIES?

  co-ordinate bond/ dative covalent bond
• CO-ORDINATE BOND/ DATIVE COVALENT BOND?

  covalent bond where both electrons come from the same species
• WHAT HAPPENS WHEN ELECTRONEGATIVITIES ARE EQUAL IN A COMPOUND?

  compound becomes non-polar