cells

• Cells are the smallest unit of life and the building blocks for all organisms.
• Each sub-cellular structures of a cell has its own function.
• Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm and mitochondria are four cell parts that are found in both animal and plant cells.
• Animal cells often have an irregular shape.
• The differences between animal and plant cells can be summarized as follows: animal cells feel squishy or malleable, while plant cells feel firm or rigid.
• The cell wall is a tough outer layer of the cell, which contains cellulose to strengthen and support the cell.
• Plant cells often have a regular shape and contain the same cell components as animal cells: a nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm and mitochondria.
• Vacuole-a space inside the cytoplasm that contains a watery liquid called cell sap, keeping the cell firm.
• The cell wall gives plants their crunch.
• Chloroplasts- contains a green pigment called chlorophyll and absorbs light for photosynthesis
• Cell membrane - a flexible outer layer that surrounds the cell and controls which substances can pass in and out from it.
• Mitochondria's Role in Respiration

  • Located in cytoplasm.

  • Major source of respiration.

  • Chemical reaction: glucose and oxygen produce CO2 and water.

  • Releases energy.
• Nucleus

  The largest organelle in a cell that contains the genetic material (DNA) that controls the functions of the cell. Present in both animal and plant cells.

  
  

  • In simpler words, the nucleus contains genetic material (DNA) that controls all activities within the cell.
• Cytoplasm


  A jelly-like structure where most of the chemical reactions in the cell occur and it surrounds all the organelles.

  Present in both animal and plant cells.
• Mitochondria


  The "powerhouses" of the cell that generate energy for the cell to use.

  Are also small cells in the cytoplasm that generate energy from glucose

  Present in both animal and plant cells.

  
  

  Responisible for:

  • Producing energy in the form of ATP through aerobic respiration.