exchange surfaces

Cards (26)

  • What concept explains why multicellular organisms need exchange surfaces and a transport system?
    Surface area to volume ratio
  • What do gills do for fish?
    Increase gas transport rate
  • How do molecules move in and out of cells?
    By diffusion
  • What is the surface area to volume ratio of a single-celled organism like an amoeba?
    High surface area for its volume
  • How does oxygen enter an amoeba?
    Diffuses through its membrane
  • How do you calculate the surface area of a cube with side length 1 mm?
    6 square mm
  • What is the volume of a cube with side length 1 mm?
    1 cubic mm
  • What is the surface area to volume ratio of a cube with side length 1 mm?
    6:1
  • What is the surface area of a cube with side length 2 mm?
    24 square mm
  • What is the volume of a cube with side length 2 mm?
    8 cubic mm
  • What is the surface area to volume ratio of a cube with side length 2 mm?
    3:1
  • What is the surface area to volume ratio of a cube with side length 3 mm?
    2:1
  • Why do multicellular organisms face a problem with gas exchange?
    Surface area isn't large enough for volume
  • How do animals solve the problem of gas exchange?
    Special structures and a transport system
  • What do fish use to obtain oxygen from water?
    Gills
  • How does oxygen-rich water enter a fish?
    Through the mouth
  • What happens to oxygen in the gills of fish?
    It diffuses into the bloodstream
  • What adaptations do gill filaments have to increase diffusion rate?
    Massive surface area, thin membrane, efficient blood supply
  • Why is a high concentration gradient important for diffusion in gills?
    It ensures efficient oxygen uptake
  • What are the key adaptations of gill filaments for gas exchange?
    • Massive surface area
    • Thin membrane for short diffusion pathway
    • Efficient blood supply to maintain concentration gradient
  • What are the implications of a low surface area to volume ratio in multicellular organisms?
    • Insufficient gas exchange for inner cells
    • Need for specialized structures for gas exchange
    • Requirement for a transport system to distribute gases
  • what are the adaptations of the filaments to increase rate of diffusion
    • large surface area
    • thin membrane
    • efficient blood supply
  • how does a thin membrane increase diffusion rate
    provides a short diffusion pathway
  • what are the gills covered in
    fine fillaments
  • what blood passes into fillaments
    deoxygenated
  • what do happens in fine fillaments
    gases pass in and out f blood