CHEM UNIT 1

• The normal boiling point

  1 atm, for water it is 100 degrees Celsius
• Melting point for water

  0 degrees celcius
• What happens when we dissolve solid solute in a liquid solvent?

  More mixtures

  More microstates

  (+) delta Ssys value
• What will happen to saltwater solution when temperature is increased?

  Solubility will increase with more microstates, more solid will dissolve
• When dissolving a gaseous solute into a liquid solvent

  Delta Ssys will be < 0
• What will happen to solubility of carbon dioxide in a carbonated soda when the temperature is increased

  The solubility will decrease, more gas bubbles will flow out
• Miscible 


  Liquids will mix evenly. EX) Polar solvents with polar solvents
• Immiscible

  Two liquids do not mix well. EX) Polar solvents with non polar solvents
• Strong electrolyte

  100 % dissociation

  
• Weak electrolyte

  Some dissociation but not completely

  
• Non electrolyte


  No dissociation ALL COVALENT BONDS

  
• Volatile


  Easily evaporated
• Non volatile


  Not easily evaporated
• K < 1

  Delta G Standard > 0

  Rxn favors reactants

  NON SPONTANEOUS
• K > 1

  Delta G Standard < 0

  Rxn favors products

  SPONTANEOUS