tissues chapter 4

• Define Tissue:

  • Group of similar cells that have a common embryonic origin and functions together to carry out specialized activities
• Types of Tissues:

  1. Epithelial
  2. Connective
  3. Muscle
  4. Nervous
• Define Epithelium:

  • A membranous tissues composed of one or more layers of cells
  • that form covering most internal and external surfaces of the body and its organs
• Characteristics of Epithelial tissue:

  1. Avascular but innervated
  2. Non-cellular basement layer in nature that helps cement the epithelial tissue to underlying structures
• What are the two ways to classify a Epithelial Tissue Cell?

  1. Simple
  2. Stratified
• Name the different shapes of cells found in the Epithelial Tissues:

  1. Squamous
  2. Cuboidal
  3. Columnar
  4. Transitional
• How are Squamous cells shaped?

  Flat and scale-like
• How are Cuboidal Cells Shaped?

  Cube shaped
• How are Columnar cells shaped?

  Higher than they are wide
• How are Transition Cells Shaped?

  Varying shapes that can stretch
• What is the function of a Epithelial Tissue?

  Protection, absorption, regulation/excretion, secretion, and sensation.
• Describe the simple cuboidal epithelium

  Description:

  • Single layered of cube shaped cells
  • Located in the nucleus
• Where is the simple cuboidal epithelium located?

  1. Lines kidney tubules
• What is the function of a simple cuboidal epithelium?

  Secretion and absorption
• Describe the stratified cuboidal epithelium

  1. 2 or more layers where the apical surface is cube shaped
• Where is the stratified cuboidal epithelium located?

  Ducts of adult sweat glands
• Describe the transitional epithelium:

  1. shape ranges from cuboidal to squamous
• Where is the transitional epithelium located?

  Lines of urinary bladder
• What is the function of the transitional epithelium

  Permits distention
• What is the function of the stratified cuboidal epithelium?

  • Protection
  • Limited secretion
  • Absorption
• Describe the columnar epithelium?

  1. Single layer of rectangular cells
  2. Nucleus at the base of the cell
• Where is the columnar epithelium located?

  1. Lines the gastrointestinal tract from the stomach to the anus
• What is the function of the simple columnar epithelium?

  Secretion and absorption
• Describe the pseudo stratified columnar epithelium?

  1. Not a true stratified tissue
  2. Nuclei of cells in different levels
  3. Attached to the basement membrane
• Where is the pseudostratified columnar epithelium located?

  Airways of most upper respiratory system
• Function of the pseudostratifed columnar epithelium?

  Secretion and movement of mucus by ciliary action
• Describe the stratified columnar epithelium?

  1. several layers of polyhedral cells
  2. only in apical layers
• Location of the stratified columnar epithelium?

  Lines part of urethra
• Function of the stratified columnar epithelium?

  Protection and secretion
• What is the Glandular Epithelia?

  Type of tissue that specializes in the secretion of substances
• What substances does the Glandular Epithelia secrete?

  • Hormones
  • Mucus
  • Other fluids
• What are the two types of Glandular Epithelia?

  1. Endocrine System
  2. Exocrine System
• What are Exocrine Glands?

  • Multicellular
  • Secretes into body surfaces into cavities
• What do Exocrine Glands secrete?

  1. Serous glands
  2. Mucous glands
  3. Mixed exocrine glands
• What are Endocrine Glands?

  1. Ductless glands that produce hormones
  2. Into the bloodstream or interstitial fluid
• What types of Endocrine Glands are there?

  1. Pituitary gland
  2. Adrenal gland
  3. Thyroid gland
• What are examples of unicellular cells and where can they be found?

  1. Goblet cells
  2. Trachea and Bronchi
• How are Multicellular glands classified?

  1. Form
  2. Secretion method
• What two types of form are in Multicellular glands?

  1. Simple - Single Duct
  2. Compound - Branching Duct
• What are the two FORMS of secretory?

  1. Tubular
  2. Acinar/Alveolar