Science 2nd Q.

• Typhoon: tropical cyclone

  • intense low pressure system with minimum sustained winds of 35 kph
• 36-63 kph: tropical depression
• 64-117 kph: tropical storm
• 117 kph and above: typhoon
• Spiral Rain Bands: where wind is light or calm and there is no rain
• Eye Wall: heaviest precipitation and the strongest wind speed
• Eye: center of spiral that extends about 10-100km in a diameter
• Typhoons form in large bodies of water
• Warm water that mixes with cold air results in the formation of low pressure system
• PAGASA: Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
• Typhoon: NW Pacific Ocean, W International Date Line
• CORIOLIS Effect: turning of winds due to the earths rotation

  Factors:

  • abundance of warm water
  • surface depth up to 50 meters
  • high humidity
  • low vertical wind shear
  • an optimal location
• Weather: hour by hour variations in atmospheric conditions experienced at a certain place
• Climate: average weather in a region over many years
• Climate Change: significant time variation in weather patterns occurring over periods ranging from decades to millions of years.

  • change in average weather conditions
• Factors of Climate Change:

  • burning of fossil fuel
  • altering the normal cycle of water
  • polluting the atmosphere
  • modifying the land
  • heat generated from vehicles
• Green House Gases: makes the earth warm enough for us to survive

  • Carbon Dioxide
  • Carbon Monoxide
  • Nitrous Oxide
  • Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and perfluorocarbons
  • Methane
• Effects of HIGH LEVEL of GHS:

  • increase in malaria cases
  • damage to the crops
  • less food reproduction
  • frequent forest fires
  • wild life will face extinction
  • melting of ice in polar regions
  • create chaos ( global security )
  • sea water will contaminate fresh water
• How to Respond to High Level GHS:

  • plant trees
  • stop modifying land forms
  • avoid pollution
  • recycle
  • use energy efficient appliances and light bulbs
  • seal any areas in our homes that allow heat to escape
  • unplug appliances that are not in use
  • lessen the use of cars
  • use bikes
• Terrestrial Planets: small, rocky worlds

  • Earth
  • Mercury
  • Mars
  • Venus
• Jovian Planets: gas giants

  • Jupiter
  • Saturn
  • Neptune
  • Uranus
• Asteroids: big boulders that float and wander in space

  • "planetoids"
• Ceres: first and largest asteroid to be discovered (believed to be as big as a football field)
• Types of Asteroids:

  • Carbonaceous - 75% of the AP (asteroid population), farthest portion of the belt, much carbon / softer
  • Metallic: 8% AP, middle portion of the belt, metal / harder
  • Silicaceous: 17% AP, inner belt, silica / silicates
• Comets: icy balls of gas and dust that revolve the sun

  • "hairy balls"
• Hailey's Comet: comes in every 76 years
• Meteors: big balls of fire

  • "shooting stars"\
• Meteroid: in space
• Meteors: in the Earth's atmosphere
• Meteorite: debris on the Earth's surface
• Dwarf Planets: smaller, planet-like satellites
• Exoplanet: planets that are outside the Solar System