Biology high markers (B4)

• Main uses of glucose in plants (3 markers)

  • Cellular respiration - break down the glucose to release energy 
  • Make cellulose - which is used to make strong cell walls
  • Make starch - which is used to store glucose for a later time
  • Make amino acids - which are used to make proteins 
  • Make lipids - these store the energy as fats or oils for later use
• What makes starch a long term storage molecule (3 marks)

  • It is insoluble in water
  • It can easily be broken down when needed 
  • It is compact 
• How exercise affects the body (5 marks)

  1. In order to move during exercise, we have to contract and relax our muscles. 
  2. Muscular contraction requires energy though, which has to be released by cellular respiration. 
  3. Most of the time cells carry out aerobic respiration, which is far more efficient but requires oxygen. 
  4. This means that we have to pump oxygen around the body faster when we exercise. 
  5. As a result we increase both our heart rate and our breathing rate.