Uderstanding The Self

• According to Socrates, "An unexamined life is not worth living"
• Introspection is the examination or observation of one's own mental and emotional processes.
• The goal of self-reflection is to gain insight into oneself and make positive changes.
• Socrates believed that true wisdom comes from understanding oneself.
• Socratic Method uses a Introspection
• Socratic Method uses a introspection to discover the truth about the self and the world.
• According to Plato, "The self is an immortal soul".
• The three elements of soul are Physical Appetite. Spirit/Passion, Reason/Intellect.
• Two theory of form are World of Forms and World of Sense.
• Purification of the soul is the process of removing the taint of sin from the soul.
• According to Aristotle, "The soul is the essence of the self".
• Aristotle's four causes are Material Cause, Formal Cause, Efficient Cause, Final Cause.
• Soul and Body: The soul is the part of a person that is immortal and cannot be destroyed.
• The soul and body is a unity of two parts, the soul is the immaterial part of the human being and the body is the material part of the human being
• The soul and body is unseperated.
• Plato believed that the soul has three parts - Reason (Rational), Spirit (Courageous) and Appetite (Desire).
• The three kinds of soul are Vegetative, Sentient, Rational Soul.
• According to Aristotle, you will achieve flourishing and fulfilling life if you are virtuous.
• According to St. Agustine, "The sef has an immortal soul".
• St. Augustine said you are entire and complete in yourself and you are not a part of anything else
• "I think therefore I am" by Descartes.
• Descartes' Meditations on First Philosophy was published in 1641.
• Descartes believes that we can only be sure about our own existence because it is impossible to doubt something which one knows directly.
• Descartes' theory is called Cogito Ergo Sum or "Thinking makes it real."
• Locke says that our mind is like a blank slate at birth and experiences shape who we become as adults.
• John Locke believes that we have no innate ideas but rather acquire them through experience.
• Descartes believed that the mind and body were separate entities.
• Descartes believed that the mind is separate from the body.
• Rene Descartes is the Father of modern philosophy and the Father of modern science.
• Dimension of the human self: (1) Self-identity (2) Self-concept (3) Self-esteem
• Dimension of the human self: self as a thinking entity (soul) and self as a physical body.
• According to John Locke that the human mind is develop through experience and sensation.
• Tabula Rasa is the idea that the mind is a blank slate and can be shaped by experience.
• Motivated Forgetting: forgetting when we are not motivated to remember. And, forgetting traumatic experience.
• Locke said that the way of understanding the self is conscious awareness of previous experiences and the ability to predict future experiences.
• According to David Hume, "there is no self" and "there is no soul
• David Hume believed that there was no such thing as an enduring self or soul because everything we know about ourselves comes from our senses and thoughts.
• Hume's view on the self is based on his belief that all knowledge comes from sensory impressions and ideas.
• the distinct of entities: Impression and Ideas.
• Ideas: Mental representations of objects, events, or concepts that arise from impressions.