Topic 5 Kinetics

• What is the equation for rate of reaction? [1]

  rate of reaction= amount of reactant used or product formed/ time
• Describe what is meant by collision theory [2]

  Particles collide in the right direction- they need to be facing each other in the right way. They collide with at least a certain minimum amount of kinetic energy
• Define activation energy [2]

  The minimum amount of kinetic energy the particles need to react is called the activation energy
• What are the 4 factors that effect Maxwell Boltzmann distribution [4]

  Temperature

  Pressure

  Concentration

  catalyst
• How does temperature affect a maxwell boltzman distribution curve? [3]

  If you increase the temperature of a reaction, the particles will on average have more kinetic energy and will move faster. This means that a greater proportion of molecules will have atleast the activation energy and able to react
• How does concentration effect a maxwell Boltzmann distribution curve [3]

  If you increase the concentration of reactants in a solution, the particles will on average be closer together. This means that they’ll collide more often, and more frequently and so more chances to react.
• How does pressure affect a maxwell Boltzmann distribution curve? [3]

  If you increase the pressure of gas particles, it makes them closer together, making them more likely to collide. So collisions take place more frequently and so the reaction rate increases.
• How does a catalyst affect a Maxwell Boltzmann distribution curve? [3]

  Catalysts allow you to make the same amount of product faster and at a lower temperature and so save lots of money. The lower the activation energy and so more particles have enough energy to react when they collide.
• Define the meaning of a catalyst [2]

  A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a reaction by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy. The catalyst is chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction.