CHAPTER 1

• PT Components:

  1. Assessment and Evaluation
  2. Diagnosis and Goal Setting
  3. Treatment Planning
  4. Educating Patients
  5. Prevention
  6. Rehabilitation
• Polio - increase in muscle bulk and causes paralysis and not allowing body parts to move
• PT Promotes...

  • optimal health
  • preventing progression of impairments
  • facilitating recovery
  • working with other health professionals
• Sports Medicine corresponds to?

  Sports-related injuries
• Pediatrics corresponds to?

  development in children
• Geriatrics corresponds to?

  improving mobility, overall function
• Rheumatology corresponds to?


  management of diseases like arthritis
• Pulmonology corresponds to?

  affecting respiratory system
• Orthopedics corresponds to?

  fractures, joint replacements
• Neurology corresponds to?


  affecting CNS
• Cardiology corresponds to?

  improving cardiovascular health
• Oncology corresponds to?

  managing symptoms
• Psychiatry corresponds to?

  mental health
• ORIGINS OF PT?

  Granger (ancient civilization) - described physical measures
• MASSAGE (Chinese 3000 BC)?

  • described by Hippocrates in 460 BC
  • modified by Romans
  • accepted in 1800's
• HYDROTHERAPY ?

  Greeks and Romans; both water and worship
• ELECTROTHERAPY?

  1600's; electricity and electric devices used
• DIVISION OF SPECIAL HOSPITALS AND PHYSICAL RECONSTRUCTION

  Created in 1917 at the outbreak of WWI; training and managing reconstruction aid; effects of polio epidemics (1894, 1914, 1916)
• Polio Epidemics occurred where?


  Vermont
• What is the Vermont Plan?


  cause and effects of polio; field visits and provided therapy
• Meaning of AWPTA?

  American Women's Physical Therapy Association
• Objectives of AWPTA

  1. Professional and Scientific Standard
  2. Increase Efficiency
  3. Disseminate information
  4. Make available efficiently trained women
  5. Sustain social fellowship
• WHO IS MARY MCMILLAN?


  President of AWPTA; credited first PT in the US; trained in England; reconstruction aide at Walter Reed GH WD.C.
• MARY MCMILLAN'S JOURNEY?

  1918: Head RCA - PT Organization under her

  1921: PT Review published (Journal)

  1922: American Medical Association (AMA) to American Physio Therapy Association (APA)

  1923: Two men were admitted

  1926: PT Review (Journal) - honors works of McMillan, lectureship and student scholarships
• MARY MCMILLAN'S JOURNEY 1926-1940?

  2 ISSUES INVOLVING PHYSICIANS:

  1. Identity: members of APA believed they had more professional status; physical medicine became a medical specialty in the 1940's
  2. Better Requirements: 1928 - APA made a new curriculum and published it (9 month program - 1200 hours), Requirements; graduate of PE or Nursing
• MARY MCMILLAN'S JOURNEY?

  1930: APA Published list of 11 approved programs

  1933: APA sought assistance from AMA

  1936: AMA inspected 35 schools of PT

  • adopted Essentials of an Acceptable School for PT Technicians in 1936; requirements are the same, 13 schools were then approved
• IMPACT OF WWII & POLIO?

  War: Some services dropped

  • PTs helped children with Polio
  • National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis - 1938, in response to Polio
  • 1944: NYC was the location of the first established office of APA
  • lots of work done in the Foundation
• POST WORLD WAR II?

  1947: Women's Medical Specialist Group Formation to provide service to US military personnel (PTs, OTs, Dietitians)

  1955: Corps became Army Medical S. Corps so that men and women can serve with commission in military

  1951: Intro of Gamma Globulin and Salk Vaccine occurred as a major breakthrough in curing Polio as Physical Therapists played a big role

  1947: term, "Physiatrist" refers to physical medicine

  • PTS could now practice Physical Therapy

  1962: New Journal entitled, "Physical Therapy"
• 1960s through 1980s


  Characterized by growth and recognition in education, practice and research
• 1990s


  skyrocketing costs of health care resulted in significant cost control measures in the private and government sectors
• 21st Century


  APTA House Delegates adopted the APTA Vision Statement Physical Therapy 2020.

  • become a beacon for the profession and has provided a distinct direction for current and future action
  • Key components: Practice, Education and Research - autonomous practice, direct access, practitioner of choice, Doctor of Physical Therapy, evidence-based practice and professionalism.
• Vision Statement for Physical Therapy?

  Transforming society by optimizing movement to improve the human experience.
• Core Values for Professionalism in Physical Therapy?

  Accountability

  Altruism

  Compassion/caring

  Excellence

  Integrity

  Professional duty

  Social responsibility
• PT Scope of Practice


  1. Examining patients who need help to improve physical abilities
  2. Alleviating pain with PT
  3. Preventing pain and injury; promotes health is wealth
  4. Consulting, educating and researching
• PT begins with...?

  Examination to determine the nature and status of the condition

  Evaluation to interpret the findings and establish a diagnosis

  Prognosis that includes plan of care

  Interventions are administered in accordance with patient's responses (musculoskeletal, neuromuscular, cardiovascular, pulmonary, integumentary disorders)
• HIERARCHY OF FACTORS TO DEFINE PROFESSION

  1. Lifetime commitment - dedication
  2. Representative Organization - standards, regulations, structures and vehicles four communication; APTA
  3. Specialized Education - competence to practice; DPT, PTA, Associate Degrees
  4. Service to clients - benefit to society
  5. Autonomy of Judgement - used for evaluating, making plans of care and discharge plans