diffuse hyper echogenicity of liver parenchyma ; liver may be enlarged
What are the 2 leading causes of fatty infiltration ?
Obesity and alcohol consumption.
Glycogen storage disease is an ___ recessive disorder; excessive deposits of ____ to be stores in liver, intestinal tract, and kidney but body is unable to ____ it.
autosomal , glycogen , synthesize
Glycogen storage disorder may cause:
hypo glycemia , abdominal distension , fatigue and irritability
Glycogen storage disease is marked by:
diffuse increase in parenchymal echogenicity, decreased penetration, and hepatomegaly
What is hepatitis ?
Inflammation in response to viral infection or toxins such as drugs or alcohol
Which forms of hepatitis have vaccines available ?
A, B, & D
Hepatitis A & E:
short - term infection; fecal-oral route from consuming contaminated food/water
Hepatitis B:
via contact with body fluids; both acute and chronic; monitor for cirrhosis and liver cancer
Hepatitis C:
via contact with blood; both acute and chronic; treatment is available; monitor for cirrhosis and liver cancer
Hepatitis D:
Only infects those with history of Hepatitis B
Alcoholic hepatitis:
caused by excessive alcohol consumption
Autoimmune hepatitis:
Inflammation that occurs when immune system attacks liver
Acute hepatitis:
Inflammation, portal veins appear more hyperechoic, called starry night sign
Chronic Persistent Hepatitis:
Hyper echoic texture, portal vein walls are less prominent, risk of liver cancer
Chronic Active Hepatitis:
may progress to liver cirrhosis or failure
Cirrhosis:
Liver function test abnormalities depend on stage and extent of disease; ALP may be elevated; AST and ALT elevated
Cirrhosis:
Hepatomegaly, possible liver atrophy, surface nodularity, caudate lobe hypertrophy
Portal Hypertension:
Portal vein velocities may be reduced or become hepatofugal; hepatic artery may enlarge