Cardiovascular

• Open circulation: Blood flows through the heart and all organs of the body
• Closed circulation: blood only circulated within the heart and veins to travel about the tissues
• Single circulation is when blood passes through the heart once during circulation
• Double circulation is when blood passes twice through the heart during circulation
• veins bring deoxygenated blood back to the heart and have a large lumen and thin wall
• arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart and have thick walls and a small lumen
• Pulmonary means "lungs"
• The "Lub" of the heart, is the tricuspid and mitral valves shutting to prevent backflow of blood
• The "dub" of the heart are the pulmonary and aortic valves closing to prevent backflow of blood
• When the tricuspid and mitral valves are open, the pulmonary and aortic are closed
• As individuals exercise, pulse rate increases to combat the increased demand for oxygen.
• Bodies regulate the increase of body temp during exercise via sweating and salivating
• The dub of the heart is best heard at the level of the second and third ribs
• The lub of the heart is best heard at the fifth and six intercostal spaces
• Systolic pressure: pressure in the arteries when the heart beats
• Diastolic pressure: pressure in the arteries in between heart beats.
• Veins: bring deoxygenated blood into the heart in the Vena Cava (Upper body enters the superior, lower enters the inferior)
• Arteries: bring oxygenated blood away from the heart from the aorta
• The valve from the right atrium to the right ventricle is the tricuspid valve
• The valve from the left atrium to the left ventricle is the mitral valve
• the valve from the right ventricle to the pulmonary vein, which takes blood into the lungs, is called the pulmonary valve
• the valve from the left ventricle to the Aorta, which carries blood throughout the rest of the body, is called the aortic valve