Science (Nervous System and Endocrine System)

• Goosebumps form because muscle cells in your skin respond to the cold temperature.
• Goosebumps form because muscle cells in your skin respond to the cold temperature.
• When you first felt the cold, a message was sent to your brain. After the message was processed, the brain sent a message to your skin's muscle cells, and goose bumps formed.
• Nervous System


  The part of an organism that gathers, processes, and responds to information is called?
• Your nervous system receives information from your five senses-vision, hearing, smell, taste, and touch.
• Nervous System


  It serves as the center of all mental activities, including learning, memory, thinking ,and speech.
• Nervous System


  It receives, examines, and process data and initiates appropriate responses.
• Nervous System


  It controls and regulates all activities within the human body.
• Nervous System


  It coordinates the functions of all the other organ in the body.
• Nervous System


  It keeps us in touch with the external environment
• The sight of an object, such as the approaching ball, is a stimulus
• A stimulus is a change in an organism's environment that causes a response.
• The goalie's nervous system gathers and interprets the sight of the ball approaching and causes his body to react by raising his arm to block the shot.
• How would you react if you saw the ball approaching the goal? Some people might move quickly to block the shot, while others might turn away to avoid being hit.
• These reactions are ways that the nervous system enables people to respond to a stimulus from the environment. Since the nervous system receives many stimuli at the same time, the type of response depends on how the information is processed.
• People continually react to changes in their environments. Their nervous systems help maintain homeostasis, or the regulation of their internal environments.
• People continually react to changes in their environments. Their nervous systems help maintain homeostasis, or the regulation of their internal environments.
• For example, the goalie's nervous system must signal his heart and breathing to slow down to restore homeostasis once he has blocked the shot.
• For example, the goalie's nervous system must signal his heart and breathing to slow down to restore homeostasis once he has blocked the shot.
• Think again about the event. While responding to the stimuli of the approaching ball, the goalie's nervous system causes his heart and breathing rates to increase. This helps make his reaction time faster.
• The neuron is the basic cellular unit of the nervous system.
• Neurons


  It transmits impulses to and from the various parts of the nervous system.
• TRUE OR FALSE: There are three types of neurons.

  TRUE
• The 3 types of neurons are:

  • Sensory Neurons
  • Motor Neurons
  • Interneurons
• Sensory neurons


  Sends impulse to the spinal cord or brain
• Motor neurons


  Conduct impulses from the brain or the spinal cord to the body.
• Interneurons


  Scattered throughout the brain and the spinal cord, relay impulses or information from sensory neurons to the motor neurons.
• Neurons does not directly touch each other, there is a gaps between two neurons is called a synapse.
• TRUE OR FALSE: Neurons does directly touch each other.

  FALSE
• TRUE OR FALSE: Most neurons communicate across synapses by releasing chemicals.

  TRUE
• The chemicals carry information from the axon of one neuron to a dendrite of another neuron.
• The chemicals carry information from the axon of one neuron to a dendrite of another neuron. This is similar to the way a baton is passed between runners in a relay race.
• Most synapses are between an axon of one neuron and a dendrite of another neuron. Information is usually transmitted in only one direction.
• Neurons have three parts

  dendrites, a cell body, and an axon.
• A dendrite receives information from another neuron

  or from another cell in your body.
• A dendrite receives information from another neuron

  or from another cell in your body.
• A cell body processes information.
• An axon sends information out to another neuron or cell in your body
• The myelin sheath surrounds the axon, varies in thickness depending on its corresponding function.
• Neurons contain Nissl bodies, for protein synthesis and other important processes.