Neurons: Parts and Type

• Dendrite - A branch of a neuron that receives information from other neurons.
• cell body - contains genetic information, maintains the neuron's structure, AND PROVIDES ENERGY
• NUCLEUS - it guides the axon hillock that generates the impulses throughout the axon
• axon - carries electrical impulses that are the means of communication within the brain and the rest of the body
• myelin - insulating sheath around axon, electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cell
• node of Ranvier - a gap between adjacent Schwann cells in the myelin sheath, allows the generation of a fast electrical impulse along the axon.
• Schwann cells - development, maintaining myelin sheath, and repairing nerve
• axon terminal - electrical signal into a chemical signal
• astrocytes - support cells of the CNS, provide nutrients and oxygen to neurons
• MICROGLIA - similar to white blood cells protects the nervous system
• ependymal - ciliated cells lining the ventricles and spinal cord, produce CSF A LIQUID INSIDE THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD
• SCHWANN CELLS - PRODUCING MYELIN SHEAT
• OLIOGODENDROCYTER - A type of neuron that contains a single nucleus and a single dendrite, saltating conduction