Cell structure

• Essential features of an animal cell

  Cell membrane, nucleus, Mitochondria, cytoplasm, ribosomes
• Essential features of a plant cell

  Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosome, mitochondria, nucleus, vacuole, chloroplast, cell wall
• what features do a plant cell have that an animal cell dont

  Chloroplasts, cell wall, vacuole
• What is a eukaryotic cell

  a cell that contains a nucleus and other membrane-bound features, like mitochondria.
• What is a prokaryotic cell

  a single-celled organism lacking a nucleus and other membrane-bound features
• Do prokaryotic cells have mitochondria, vacuole or chloroplasts

  No
• What is the cytomplasms function

  Where chemical reactions occur
• What is the plasmids function

  Extra DNA with specific genes

  e.g antibiotics
• What is the cell surface membranes function

  Control what goes in and out of the cell
• What is the ribosomes function

  Makes proteins
• What is the flagellums function

  Used for movement
• What is the Pilis function

  Cell attatchment
• What is the cell walls function

  Support, stops the cell from bursting
• What is the slime capsules function

  Protects the bacteria from chemicals in their environment
• What is the circular chromosomes function

  Code for the production material of proteins (genes)
• What are unspecialised cells

  Cells with no specific function that are able capable of turning into different types of cells
• What are examples of unspecialised cells

  embryonic, adult (humans),

  Meristem (plants)
• What are root hair cells specialised for

  Absorbing water and minerals
• how does a root hair cell work

  It has a large surface area from its long hairs that stick out into the soil that absorb mineral ions and water
• What do phloem and xylem cells form

  Phloem and xylem tubes
• What do phloem and xylem tubes do

  Transport substances such as food and water around plants
• Why are xylem cells hollow and phloem cells with few subcellular structures

  So stuff can flow through them
• Features of a xylem

  Hollow, contains lignin
• Feature of a phloem

  Sieve plate
• Features of a muscle cell

  Mitochondria, axon, synapse, dendrites, cytoplasm, myelin sheath
• What does mitochondria do in a nerve cell

  Release energy
• What does an axon do in a nerve cell

  carries impulses round the body
• What do dendrites do in a nerve cell

  Recieve electrical signals from other neurons and transmit them towards the body cell
• What does a myelin sheath do in a nerve cell

  Insulates fibre
• What does a synapse do in a nerve cell

  communicate by converting an electrical signal into a chemical signal, allowing an impulse to jump from one neuron to another
• What does a nerve cell do

  recieve electrical and chemical signals to coordinate bodily functions
• What kind of cell is a nerve cell

  A specialised cell
• What does a muscle cell do

  Enables movement by contracting and relaxing
• What type of cell is a muscle cell

  specialised cell
• What are the features of a muscle Cell

  Nucleus, striated muscle cell, special proteins
• What do the special proteins do in a muscle cell

  contract which makes fibre contract
• What does a striated muscle cell in muscle cell do

  Specialised to contract and relax
• What does a striated muscle cell contain

  Glycogen
• What does a sperm cell do

  Carries DNA from the male to the female egg for fertilisation
• What type of cell is a sperm cell

  Specialised cell