States of Matter

• How strong a force is depends on these three things

  1. material
  2. temperature
  3. pressure
• Solid

  • strong forces of attraction between particles which holds them close together in fixed positions to form very regular lattice arrangements
  • do not move - keep a defined volume and shape
  • vibrate in position - higher temperature means more frequent vibrations
• Liquid

  • weak force of attraction between particles
  • free to move past each other but tend to stick closely together
  • definite volume but do not keep a definite shape
  • constantly moving with random motion
  • hotter the liquid the quicker they move - they expand as well when heated
• Gases

  • very weak attraction between forces
  • free to move and are far apart
  • travel in straight lines
  • move constantly with random motion
  • hotter they get the quicker they move
• Symbols

  • solid (s)
  • liquid (l)
  • gas (g)
  • aqueous (aq)