LS 1

• Literaryness is the qualities of a text that make it a literary text, such as a poem being different from an instruction text by the way it is written.
• There is a conventional distinction in the past that novels are for 'stupid" people and poems are for intellectual".
• Literary texts share features such as fictionality, ambiguity, defamiliarisation, artificiality, musicality, and form and layout.
• Implied norms are not necessarily the same as the author's view, different characters can represent different norms or views.
• Implied norms or worldview cannot be sure of the authors intent, so the socio-cultural norms can either be supported or questioned in a poem.
• Foregrounding differences or highlighting similarities can be useful to foreground the main topics of a poem.
• Poetic Form includes sonnet, ode, and other forms.
• Textual Layout refers to the layout of the text, such as left justification, stanza, verse, and other layouts.
• Epiphora is a rhetorical figure where words or phrases are repeated in a group of sentences, clauses, or poetic lines, and it occurs at the end of structures.
• Anaphora is a rhetorical figure where words or phrases are repeated in a group of sentences, clauses, or poetic lines, and it occurs at the beginning of structures.
• Parallelism is a rhetorical figure where parts of the sentence or line are repeated.
• Chiasmus is a rhetorical figure that involves moving around syntactic elements in a two-part sentence or phrase, with the second part being a mirror image of the first.
• Foregrounding in literary studies is used to create patterns of similarity and contrast, to emphasize the main message, to create a certain "feeling", and to highlight elements.
• Deviation in literary studies can be unusual or odd.
• Parallelism in literary studies can be repetition.
• Hermeneutic approach understands a text by referencing its parts but also understands the parts in reference to the whole.
• Postcolonialism/Postcolonialist Approach deals with literature produced in countries that were once or are still colonies, and is also written by citizens of colonies.
• Text Emmende is the process of reflecting and adding newly learned information to interpretation.
• Marxist Approach focuses on struggles of social classes, relates literary text to society/history, and cultural and political system, and literary text cannot be analysed without the writer and the influences on him.
• Eco-criticism is an interdisciplinary study of connections between literature and environment, examining differences between nature and its cultural construct, and how humans affect/change climate and treat planet.
• Globalpection is the act of understanding.
• Semantic level in literary studies includes unusual words, recurrent words, figures (metaphors), synonyms, and charge of style.
• Songlike qualities in poetry are narrated in the first person and explore the emotions of the speaker.
• In a poem with meter, the rhythmic quality of the poem is created by meter and other phonetic elements such as rhymes and alliterations.
• With a speaker in poetry, we don't get a lot of information about the character, but the speaker/character represents a specific type of person.
• The communicative situation in poetry involves who, what, whom, when, where, and why.
• The level of the enounced in poetry focuses on what is said, while the level of enunciation focuses on how it is said.
• Phonetic elements in poetry include rhyme, meter, and rhythm.
• Grammatica level in literary studies includes incorrect or incomplete syntax.
• Meter is a specific pattern of metrical feet, consisting of stressed and unstressed syllables.
• Poetic forms include Italian/Petrarchan Sonnet, English/Shakespearian Sonnet, and Free Verse.
• Phonologie aal level in literary studies includes metriaal deviation, rhymes/alliteration, deviation from rhyme scheme, and metriaal repetition.
• Form and layout in literary studies can include poetic form, textual layout, foregrounding, and structure.
• Model of Communication Code in literary studies refers to the metalingual function.
• Post-structuralism in literary studies is a theory.
• The deconstructivist approach assumes a gender binary in its approach to gender studies.
• The reader-response theory suggests that the literary work is based on a mutual relationship between the reader and the text, with the role of the reader significant in constructing textual meaning.
• The queer studies approach is interested in gender outside of the masculine/feminine binary and in the representation of different kinds of sexuality.
• The deconstruction/deconstructivist approach involves "breaking down" the words of a literary text to discover true significance, which is likely not what the author intended.
• The feminist approach overlaps with the deconstructivist approach, which focuses on binary oppositions and the power relationship between them.