Microscopy

• Base is the support of a microscope.
• Compound light microscopes can magnify up to 1000x their actual size.
• Body tube connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses.
• Body tube allows light to travel upward and through the eyepiece.
• Stage supports the microscope slides and stage clips.
• Arm is the main frame where all the other parts are attached to.
• Eyepiece is where you look through to view the object.
• Eyepiece contains an ocular lens.
• Eyepiece usually has 10x magnification.
• Eyepiece tube holds eyepiece in place.
• Diaphragm is a wheel-shaped device that regulates the amount of light that passes through.
• Nosepiece is the revolving part that changes the objective lenses.
• Objectives are the 4 different lensee attached to the nosepiece.
• 4 objectives are:

  Scanning/scanner

  Low-power

  High-power

  Oil-immersion
• Scanning/scanner lens has 4x magnification.
• Low-power objective lens (LPO) has 10x objective lens.
• High-power objective lens (HPO) has 40x magnification.
• Oil-immersion objective lens (OIO) has 100x magnification.
• Adjustment knobs adjust the focus or quality of the lens.
• The 2 adjustment knobs are:

  Coarse

  Fine
• Coarse adjustment knob adjusts the distance between the lens and the slide. It is for larger focusing.
• Fine adjustment knobs adjust the lens. It is for precision focusing.
• The mirror/light reflects light to the lens.
• Light is needed in microscopes so that the light (or image of the magnified objects) bends to the ocular lens and to our eyes so they appear larger.
• Light microscope allows light to pass through the object being observed.
• Light microscope has an eyepiece lens that magnifies 10x.
• You multiply the objective and eypiece magnification.
• Highest-powered light microscope can magnify objects 2000x.
• Limit to what you can see clearly in the compound light microscope is called limit of resolution.
• Scientists either stain the specimen or use an electron microscope to exceed the limit of resolution.
• Electron microscope uses electrons instead of light.
• Electron microscope can magnify up to a million times.
• The 2 kinds of electron microscope are:

  Transmission electron microscope

  Scanning electron microscope
• TEM can magnify up to 200,000.
• SEM can magnify up to 100,000.
• Robert Brown discovered the nucleus.
• According to Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, all living things are made of cells.
• Safranin is used to stain the specimen so we can see it clearly.
• Glycerin prevents the drying of cells.
• ASAP in blood smearing stand for Angle, Speed, Amount, and Pressure.