paper 2 geog

• In what country is AQA the most chosen general qualifications exam board?

  England
• In what year was the GCSE Geography specification created that is referenced in the text?

  2016
• According to the text, what do the human processes, systems, and outcomes studied in the 'Challenges in the human environment' unit change by?

  Spatially and temporally
• What types of countries must the places studied in the 'Challenges in the human environment' unit include?

  HICs, LICs, and NEEs
• What is a key aim of the 'Challenges in the human environment' unit regarding the environments studied?

  The need for sustainable management
• What is Section A of 'Challenges in the human environment' unit called?

  Urban issues and challenges
• What factors affect the rate of urbanisation?

  Migration and natural increase
• What theory is given as a factor affecting the rate of urbanisation via migration?

  Push-pull theory
• What type of cities are said to be emerging in the text?

  Megacities
• Where does the text state that urban growth creates opportunities and challenges for cities?

  LICs and NEEs
• What type of study is required to illustrate the opportunities and challenges of urban growth in LICs and NEEs?

  A case study
• Urban industrial areas can act as a stimulus for what type of development?

  Economic development
• In what country does urban change lead to a variety of social, economic and environmental opportunities and challenges according to the text?

  The UK
• Where does the text mention the location and importance of a major city needing to be illustrated?

  In the UK and wider world
• What type of migration impacts the growth and character of a city?

  National and international
• What are the names of the sites that urban change creates challenges relating to?

  Brownfield and greenfield sites
• What area does urban sprawl impact?

  The rural-urban fringe
• What type of settlements does the urban sprawl cause the growth of?

  Commuter settlements
• Urban sustainability requires management of what?

  Resources and transport
• How are urban transport strategies used?

  To reduce traffic congestion
• What is Section B of the 'Challenges in the human environment' unit called?

  The changing economic world
• What type of variations are there in economic development and quality of life?

  Global
• How can parts of the world be classified?

  According to their level of economic development
• What does GNI stand for?

  Gross national income
• What does HDI stand for?

  Human Development Index
• What limitations do the economic and social measures of development have?

  They can hide inequalities
• What is linked to the level of development?

  Stages of the Demographic Transition Model
• Name a cause of uneven development given in the study material?

  Physical
• Name another cause of uneven development given in the study material?

  Economic
• Name another cause of uneven development given in the study material?

  Historical
• Name a consequence of uneven development given in the study material?

  Disparities in wealth
• Name another consequence of uneven development given in the study material?

  International migration
• What type of strategies exist for reducing the global development gap?

  Various
• Name a strategy used to reduce the development gap given in the study material?

  Investment
• Name another strategy used to reduce the development gap given in the study material?

  Aid
• Name another strategy used to reduce the development gap given in the study material?

  Fairtrade
• What helps to reduce the development gap in an LIC or NEE?

  Growth of tourism
• What type of development are some LICs and NEEs experiencing?

  Rapid economic development
• What context should the case study of one LIC or NEE be placed in?

  Wider political, social, cultural and environmental context
• What is changing in the industrial structure of one LIC or NEE?

  The balance between different sectors of the economy