Respiration

• What is aerobic respiration?

  An exothermic reaction releasing energy
• What happens during aerobic respiration?

  Glucose reacts with oxygen to release energy
• What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

  Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
• What is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration?

  C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
• Where does aerobic respiration take place?

  In the mitochondria
• Why do organisms require energy from respiration?

  For synthesis, muscle contraction, and active transport
• What is anaerobic respiration?

  An exothermic reaction without oxygen
• What is the equation for anaerobic respiration?

  Glucose → lactic acid
• Why is anaerobic respiration less efficient than aerobic respiration?

  Less energy is transferred due to incomplete breakdown
• How does anaerobic respiration lead to muscle fatigue?

  Lactic acid builds up, preventing efficient contraction
• What is an oxygen debt?

  Oxygen needed to convert lactic acid back to glucose
• What is fermentation?

  A type of anaerobic respiration in yeast
• What is the equation for fermentation?

  Glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide
• Why is fermentation important?

  Used in the production of bread and alcohol
• What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

  • Aerobic requires oxygen; anaerobic does not.
  • Aerobic produces CO2 and water; anaerobic produces lactic acid or ethanol + CO2.
  • Aerobic transfers a greater amount of energy.
• How do muscles store glucose?

  As glycogen
• What changes occur when muscular activity increases?

  Heart rate increases, breathing rate increases
• How is lactic acid transported away from muscles?

  Blood flow transports it to the liver
• What is metabolism?

  The sum of all reactions in a cell
• How do cells use energy from respiration?

  For enzyme-controlled processes and synthesis