Group 1 - Alkali Metals

• Physical properties of group 1:

  • Low MP and BP
  • Low density
  • Very soft
• Chemical properties

  • Very reactive
  • Form ionic bases
  • Form strong bases
• Alkali metals react with cold water to produce a hydroxide and hydrogen gas

  Example.

  Sodium + Water -> Sodium hydroxide + Hydrogen

  2Na + 2H20 -> 2NaOH + H2
• The alkali metals also react with dilute acids, to produce a salt and hydrogen gas.

  Example.

  Sodium + Hydrochloric acid -> Sodium chloride + Hydrogen

  2Na + 2HCl -> 2NaCl + H2
• metal + water -> metal hydroxide + hydrogen