Chemistry Practical

• Salt + Dilute Sulphuric Acid produces Brisk effervescence = Maybe Carbonate
• Take U tube add limewater to one side and salt(CO3-2) + dilute sulphuric acid on other = lime water turns milky (CaCO3) Carbonate confirmed
• Salt (CO3-2) Solution + MgSO4= White precipitate (MgCO3) Carbonate confirmed
• Salt(CO3-2) Solution + Phenolphthalein = Pink colouration Carbonate confirmed
• Salt + Dilute Sulphuric Acid produces smell of Burning Sulphur = Maybe Sulphite
• Salt (SO3-2) + Dilute Sulphuric acid + paper dipped in acidified potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) = Paper turns Green (CrSO4)
• Salt Solution (SO3-2) + BaCl2 solution = White Precipitate

  Dissolve Precipitate in Dilute Hydrochloric Acid

  Add drops of KmNO4 = Discharge of Pink colour
• Salt + Dilute Sulphuric Acid produces smell of rotten eggs = Maybe Sulphide
• Salt(S2-) + Dilute Sulphuric Acid + Lead acetate Paper = Paper turns Black (PbS) Sulphide Confirmed
• Salt(S2-) solution + CdCO3 solution = Yellow Precipitate (CdS) Sulphide confirmed
• Salt + Dilute Sulphuric Acid produces Light Brown Fumes = Maybe Nitrite
• Salt (NO2-) solution + Pinch of thiourea + Dilute Hydrochloric Acid + FeCl3 = Blood Red Colouration Nitrite Confirmed
• Salt + Concentrated Sulphuric Acid produce Pungent Smelling Gas

  Glass rod dipped in NH4OH produces Dense White Fumes of NH4Cl = Maybe Chloride
• Salt(Cl-) solution + Dilute HNO3 + AgNO3 = White precipitate (AgCl) which dissolves in excess of NH4OH Chloride confirmed
• NaOH on one side + Salt(Cl-)+ K2Cr2O7 + concentrated Sulphuric acid produces orange vapours

  Pass the vapours and add Lead Acetate= Yellow Precipitate (PbCrO4) Chloride Confirmed
• Salt + Concentrated Sulphuric Acid produces Reddish Brown Vapours = Maybe Bromide
• Salt(Br-) solution + Dilute HNO3 + AgNO3 = Pale Yellow precipitate (AgBr) Bromide Confirmed
• Salt(Br-) Solution + CCl4 . Layer formed

  Add Conc.HNO3 and shake the tube= Layer turns Orange Bromide Confirmed
• Salt + Concentrated Sulphuric Acid produces Violet Vapours = Maybe Iodide
• Salt(I-) solution + Dilute HNO3 + AgNO3 = Yellow precipitate (AgI) Iodide Confirmed
• Salt(I-) Solution + CCl4 . Layer formed Add Conc.HNO3 and shake the tube= Layer turns Violet Iodide Confirmed
• Salt + concentrated Sulphuric Acid + Heat produces light brown fumes which intensifies on adding paper pellets = Maybe Nitrate
• Salt(NO3-) solution + freshly prepared FeSO4 solution + conc.H2SO4 along the sides = Brown Ring (FeSO4.NO) Nitrate confirmed
• Salt(NO3-) + Diphenylamine = Deep Blue colouration Nitrate confirmed
• Salt + concentrated Sulphuric Acid + Heat produces Brisk Effervescence which turns limewater milky = Maybe Oxalate
• Salt(C2O2-4) solution + CaCl2 solution =White Precipitate

  Dissolve it in Dil.H2SO4

  Add drops of KMnO4= Discharge of Pink Colouration Oxalate Confirmed
• Salt + concentrated Sulphuric Acid + Heat produces smell of Acetic Acid (like vinegar) = Maybe Acetate
• Salt(CH3COO-) + neutral FeCl3 solution= Brick red colouration

  Add water and Boil = Brown precipitate Acetate confirmed
• Salt Solution + Dilute Hydrochloric Acid + BaCl2 = White precipitate (BaSO4)

  which is not soluble in Conc.HNO3 = Maybe Sulphate
• Salt(SO4-2) solution + Lead Acetate = White Precipitate (PbSO4) Sulphate Confirmed
• Salt + conc.HNO3 + Ammonium Molybdate ((NH4)2MoO4) + heat produces Canary Yellow Precipitate ((NH4)3PMo12O40) = Maybe Phosphate
• Salt (PO4-3) solution + Magnesia Mixture = White precipitate phosphate confirmed
• (Zero grp) Salt+ NaOH + heat = smell of ammonia gas

  Glass rod dipped in HCl produces dense white fumes of NH4Cl

  = Maybe be Ammonia
• Add Nessler's Reagent(K2HgI4) on one side

  Salt(NH4+) + NaOH + heat on the other side pass the NH3 gas = Brown precipitate (NH2-Hg-O-Hg-I). Ammonia confirmed
• Original Solution = Salt + water + heat until clear
• Original solution + Dilute Hydrochloric Acid gives white Precipitate = Maybe Lead
• Dissolve white precipitate(Pb+2) in Hot Water and divide in two parts:

  Add potassium iodide (KI) = yellow precipitate (PbI2)

  add Potassium chromate (K2CrO4) = yellow precipitate (PbCrO4)

  Lead Confirmed
• Original Solution + Dilute Hydrochloric Acid + Na2S = Black precipitate (CuS) = Maybe Copper
• Dissolve black precipitate(CuS) in 50% Nitric Acid and divide into 2 parts

  Add Potassium Ferrocyanide (K4Fe(CN)6)= brown precipitate (Cu2Fe(CN)6).

  Add NH4OH = Deep Blue colouration (Cu(NH3)4(NO3)4)

  Copper confirmed
• Original Solution + Dilute Hydrochloric Acid + Na2S = Yellow precipitate (As2S3) = Maybe Arsenic