NCM 102 MIDTERM

• What is the duty of client education based on?

  Justice
• Who has the responsibility to provide patient education?

  Direct care providers
• What factors should not affect client education?

  Age, gender, culture, race
• What does ethics study in relation to conduct?

  The effect of morality on conduct
• What does the Code of Ethics represent?

  9 provisions for professional values
• What do moral values refer to?

  An internal belief system of right and wrong
• What are the guiding principles of ethics?

  • Distinction between right and wrong
  • Study of morality's effect on conduct
  • Moral standards affecting behavior
• What is informed consent?

  The right to full disclosure
• What does the right to self-determination entail?

  The right to protect one's own body
• What does morality indicate about human acts?

  They can be good or bad
• According to St. Thomas Aquinas, where does the source of all law come from?

  God
• What is natural law based on?

  Shared ideas of right and wrong
• How does natural law differ from positive law?

  Natural law is universal
• What are the ethical principles of natural law?

  • Respect for others
  • Truth telling
  • Honesty
  • Respect for life
• What does deontology emphasize?

  The importance of duty and following rules
• What is the teleological approach to ethics?

  Greatest good for the greatest number
• What historical document references ethical reasoning in Western medicine?

  The Hippocratic Oath
• What did Justice Benjamin Cardozo establish in 1914?

  The ethical practice of informed consent
• What prompted the regulation of biomedical research during WWII?

  Exploitation of human subjects
• What did Thomas Percival contribute to medical ethics?

  Moral authority in ethical reasoning
• What was established in 1974 for human subjects protection?

  Institutional Review Board for Protection
• What does the Patient's Bill of Rights include?

  Rights to informed consent and privacy
• What is the primary function of practice acts?

  To define a profession's scope of practice
• What is the nurse's role in professional values?

  Honor human dignity of all patients
• What are the nurse's responsibilities in patient care?

  • Maintain competence and integrity
  • Deliver high-quality care
  • Contribute to profession advancement
  • Participate in health promotion efforts
• What does autonomy mean in patient education?

  The right to self-determination
• What is veracity in healthcare?

  Truth telling and full disclosure
• What does confidentiality protect?

  Patient's privacy and privileged information
• What is non-maleficence?

  The principle of doing no harm
• What does negligence refer to?

  Failure to act leading to injury
• What is malpractice?

  Negligent activities in a profession
• What does beneficence mean in healthcare?

  Acting in the best interest of a client
• What does justice refer to in healthcare?

  Equal distribution of services and benefits
• What are the rights of patients according to the Patient Bill of Rights?

  1. Right to appropriate medical care
  2. Right to informed consent
  3. Right to privacy and confidentiality
  4. Right to information
  5. Right to choose healthcare provider
  6. Right to self-determination
  7. Right to religious belief
  8. Right to medical records
  9. Right to refuse treatment
  10. Right to refuse participation in research
  11. Right to correspondence and visitors
  12. Right to express grievances
  13. Right to be informed of rights and obligations
• What are patient responsibilities in healthcare?

  Follow instructions and provide relevant information
• What is the first provision of the ANA Code of Ethics?

  Nurse practices with compassion and respect
• What is the primary commitment of the nurse according to the ANA Code of Ethics?

  To the patient
• What does the nurse advocate for according to the ANA Code of Ethics?

  Patient rights, health, and safety
• What does the nurse owe to self according to the ANA Code of Ethics?

  Same duties as to others
• What is the role of the nurse in establishing an ethical environment?

  Maintain and improve work conditions