chemistry of the atmosphere

• The concentration of CO2 is increasing due to human activities, leading to global warming.
• CO2 can be removed from the air by photosynthesis or stored underground as oil/gas.
• Water vapor (H2O) varies considerably but is always present in small amounts.
• The atmosphere consists of a mixture of gases, mainly nitrogen (N2) and oxygen (O2).
• The concentrations of other gases like carbon dioxide (CO2), neon (Ne), helium (He), methane (CH4), and argon (Ar) remain relatively constant over the entire atmosphere.
• CO2 is removed from the air by photosynthesis or dissolving into water bodies.
• Carbon dioxide (CO2) is an important greenhouse gas that contributes significantly to climate change.
• Nitrous oxide (N2O) is formed during nitrogen fixation and combustion processes.
• Carbon monoxide (CO) is produced during combustion processes and has a toxic effect on humans.
• Methane (CH4) is produced naturally through biological processes such as fermentation and decomposition of organic matter.
• Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is released into the atmosphere through volcanic eruptions and burning fossil fuels.
• Methane (CH4) is another significant greenhouse gas with a global warming potential much higher than CO2.